Advanced Database - Programming languages

9.1

____________ is the leading declarative language.

SQL

A(n) ____________ determines how to process statements in a declarative language.

optimizer

optimizer

The compiler determines how the result is processed. Compilers that determine the fastest execution plan are called optimizers. A declarative language specifies what results are desired.

Embedded SQL

codes SQL statements directly in a program written in another language. The keywords EXEC SQL precede all SQL statements so the compiler can distinguish SQL from other statements.

Procedural SQL

extends the SQL language with control flow statements, creating a new programming language. Procedural SQL is limited compared to general-purpose languages, however, and is used primarily for database applications.

application programming interface (API)

a library of procedures or classes. The library links an application programming language to a computer service, such as a database, email, or web service. The procedure or class declarations are written in the application programming language. Ex: JDBC is a library of Java classes that access relational databases.

OPEN

The ________ statement executes a query.

OPEN

The ________ statement positions a cursor before the first row of a result table.

FETCH

The ________ statement moves a cursor to the next row of a result table.

FETCH

The _____ statement assigns query results to shared variables.

DECLARE

The ________ statement associates a cursor name with a query.

CLOSE

The ________ statement releases resources associated with a cursor.

dynamic SQL

Embedded SQL statements that are generated at run-time

static SQL

Embedded SQL statements that are fixed in program code

PREPARE

A(n) _______ statement must appear before an EXECUTE statement without the IMMEDIATE keyword.

USING

Shared variables appear in an EXECUTE statement with the ______ clause.

static

Statements that are written explicitly in program code are ______ SQL.

dynamic

The precompiler cannot compile ______ SQL statements.

stored procedures

procedures that interact with the database and accomplish limited tasks. in procedural SQL

SQL/Persistent Stored Modules (SQL/PSM)

a standard for procedural SQL that extends the core SQL standard