ch17 - light independent reaction

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18 Terms

1
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Do the light dependent and light independent both use light?

No only the light dependent 

2
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What are the three stages of the Calvin cycle?

1.carbon fixation

2.reduction

3.regeneration

<p></p><p><span><span>1.carbon fixation</span></span></p><p><span><span>2.reduction</span></span></p><p><span><span>3.regeneration</span></span></p>
3
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What molecule is fixed to start the calvin cycle?

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

4
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During carbon fixation what 5 carbon molecule does carbon dioxide (1C ) react with?

CO2 (1C) reacts with RuBP 5C (ribulose bisphosphate) 

5
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Which enzyme catalyses the fixation of CO2 with RuBP?

RuBisCO (Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase)

6
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What does this reaction produce?

produces unstable 6C molecule which is broken down into 2x molecules of GP 

7
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How many carbons does each GP molecule contain?

3C (so 6C in total)

8
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During reduction what is GP reduced to?

2x TP molecules 

9
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How many carbons does each TP molecule contain

3C (so 6C in total)

10
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What two molecules from the Light-Dependent Reaction are used to reduce GP into TP?

ATP and reduced NADP

11
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What is the role of these two molecules?

ATP provides energy and Reduced NADP donates one of its protons

12
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Why is the conversion of GP into TP called a reduction reaction?

Because GP gains a hydrogen atom which forms TP

13
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What are the two possible pathways for TP?

1. To be removed from the cycle to make: glucose (which can go on to make starch, cellulose) and other molecules such as lipids (to form cell membranes) and amino acids (to form proteins)

 2. To regenerate RuBP so the cycle can continue

14
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During regeneration what molecule is required to convert TP back into RuBP?

ATP because it provides energy

15
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Why is regeneration important?

So the Calvin cycle can continue

16
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How many turns of the calvin cycle are needed to make one glucose molecule and why?

6 turns are needed to make 1 glucose molecule because glucose contains 6C and each turn only fixes one C from CO2

17
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What is the purpose of the light-independent stage?

use CO2 to make glucose

18
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What three things are required for photosynthesis?

Light energy and water for the light dependent reaction

Carbon dioxide for the light independent reaction