[USELF] L8 | POLITICAL ASPECT OF SELF

Kapwa

is the unity of the "self" and "others," a recognition of a shared identity, an inner self that makes one connected with and equal to others (Enriquez, 1994). Furthermore, Enriquez mentioned that ______ is "the most important value that Filipinos must understand, have, and display, as it is what makes a Filipino a Filipino".

Kapwa

recognizes that one has a shared inner self with others, and that one is not and should not be separated from others — regardless of "blood" connection, social status, wealth, level of education, place of origin, or other factors typically used to separate or distinguish people (Petalio, 2022). As such, ____ is the core construct of Filipino values.

Pakikitungo: civility

[Ibang Tao ("outsider")]

right behavior meant right demeanor towards authorities (Parents, Elders, etc.).

Pakikisalamuha: act of mixing

[Ibang Tao ("outsider")]

This is a social value that is primarily communitarian. It espouses the ability to adapt.

Pakikilahok: act of joining

[Ibang Tao ("outsider")]

This translates to an outsider's participation to activities people in the place are doing

Pakikibagay: conformity

[Ibang Tao ("outsider")]

This runs into conflict with individuality which many Filipinos in fact willingly throw away in favor of conformity with demands of those who are in charge.

Pakikisama

[Ibang Tao ("outsider")]

being united with the group.

(1) Ibang Tao ("outsider")

(2) Di Ibang-Tao ("one-of-us")

Kapwa has two levels of interactions: (2)

Pakikipagpalagayang-loob

[Di Ibang-Tao ("one-of-us")]

act of mutual trust.

Pakikisangkot

[Di Ibang-Tao ("one-of-us")]

act of joining others.

Pakikipagkaisa

[Di Ibang-Tao ("one-of-us")]

being one with others.

Pakikipagkapwa

as a conviction emanating from the shared inner self does not simply imply either pakikitungo (amenities) pakikisama (adjusting), or any of the other modes and levels of interaction.

Pakikipagkapwa

is much deeper and profound in its implications. It also means accepting and dealing with the other person as an equal.

Pakikipagkapwa

The company president and the office clerk may not have an equivalent role, status, or income but the Filipino way demands and implements the idea that they treat one another as fellow human beings (kapwa-tao). This means a regard for the dignity and being of others.

Pakikipagkapwa

has a moral and normative aspect as a value and conviction. Situations change and relations vary according to environment.

For example: this is definitely inconsistent with exploitative human transactions. Giving the Filipino a bad deal is a challenge to kapwa-tao

other- oriented

If only to correct the impression that pakikipagkapwa as a shared inner self is "___________" just like the lower level of interaction in pakikisama, one must be reminded that the Filipino does not always concede.

pakikibaka

He knows how to resist even when he seems utterly powerless As demonstrated in the People's Power revolution of 1986, he knows that _______ (joining a struggle) is a valid aspect of pakikipagkapwa in the face of injustice and adversity.