AP World History Chapter 1 Vocab

remember that they test on definition first!

Paleolithic Era

Aka Old Stone Age. Humans were hunters+gatherers.

Agricultural Revolution

Aka neolithic / new stone age revolution. Advancement of farming techniques.

Pastoral Societies

Nomadic societies.

Patriarchy

A male-dominated society/social structure.

Hinduism

The religion, practicies, and philosophies of ancient India.

Upanishads

The sacred texts of Hinduism.

Siddhartha Guatama

Prince-turned monk that founded Buddhism.

Buddha

Enlightened Buddhist. Siddhartha Guatama was one.

Theravada Buddhism

Original branch of buddhism. Believed Buddha is a non-divine teacher.

Mahayana Buddhism

Newer branch of buddhism. Believed Buddha is divine.

Bhakti Movement

Movement to bring religious reform to Hinduistic society.

Confucianism

Ideologies and philosophies of Confucius.

Han Dynasty

A prosperous ruling dynasty in China lasting from 200BCE-220CE.

Mandate of Heaven

The right for an emperor to rule.

Filial Piety

The respect of elders and surperiors. Very relevant to confucianism.

Daoism

Philosophy encouraging going with the Dao (the flow of nature)

Judaism

Abrahamic religion of Jewish people. It is the oldest of the Abrahamic religions.

Jesus

A craftsman/builder that was a wisdom teacher. Became a central figure of Christianity.

Prophet Muhammad

A trader from Mecca and the founder of Islam. The last prophet of Allah.

Quran

Sacred scriptures of Islam.

Umma

Global and all-encompassing community of Muslims.

Sunni

The largest branch of Islam. Advocated for the established order.

Shia/Shi’ite

A branch of Islam that saw themselves as the minority and defended the oppressed. Believed Ali Ibn Abi Talib was the rightful successor.

Ulama

Scholars with important roles, like preserving Islamic law.

Sharia

Islamic law.

Sufism

A branch of Islam focused on more mystic ideas like inner improvement, an interior life, and taming the ego.