Unit 2b Study Guide What are the expressed, or formal, powers of the President, per Article II? What are the inherent, or informal powers? What are

What are the expressed powers of the President as per Article II of the Constitution?

The expressed powers include the ability to serve as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces, grant pardons, make treaties (with Senate approval), and appoint ambassadors and other public ministers.

What are the inherent powers of the President?

Inherent powers are informal powers not explicitly stated in the Constitution, such as executive orders, executive agreements, and the power of executive privilege.

What are the checks on the executive branch from the Judicial and Legislative branches?

Judicial checks include the power of judicial review, while legislative checks include the power to impeach the president, override vetoes, and approve appointments.

How do executive orders complicate the system of checks and balances?

Executive orders allow the president to take unilateral action without Congressional approval, potentially undermining legislative authority.

Under what circumstances can the president claim executive privilege post-Nixon?

The president can claim executive privilege when protecting national security, maintaining confidential communications, and ensuring the separation of powers.

What are the various roles in which the president serves?

The president serves as Chief Executive, Commander in Chief, Chief Diplomat, Legislative Leader, Economic Leader, and Head of State.

How does the president exercise authority in each of the roles?

The president exercises authority by issuing executive orders (Chief Executive), directing military operations (Commander in Chief), negotiating treaties (Chief Diplomat), influencing legislation (Legislative Leader), shaping economic policy (Economic Leader), and performing ceremonial duties (Head of State).

What are arguments for an imperial presidency?

Arguments for an imperial presidency include the need for decisive action, the complexity of modern governance, and the effectiveness of presidential leadership.

What are arguments against an imperial presidency?

Arguments against an imperial presidency include the risk of abuse of power, erosion of democratic checks and balances, and the concentration of too much authority in one individual.

What are the functions of the bureaucracy?

The bureaucracy implements and administers federal policies, enforces regulations, and provides services.

What are the different types of bureaucracies?

Types of bureaucracies include cabinet departments, independent executive agencies, regulatory agencies, and government corporations.

What role does the bureaucracy play in the policymaking process?

The bureaucracy plays a critical role in translating legislation into action and managing the day-to-day implementation of federal policies.

Why is the bureaucracy sometimes criticized?

The bureaucracy is criticized for being inefficient, overly complex, lacking transparency, and being resistant to change.