NMS 2 Midterm 1 Practice

The majority of corticospinal tract fibers decussate in the _____.

a. pons

b. internal capsule

c. medulla

d. corpus callosum

e. midbrain

c. medulla

3 multiple choice options

T/F. The inferior temporal lobe is involved in visual processing.

a. true

b. false

a. true

1 multiple choice option

A tuning fork would be a better choice of sensory testing instrument than would a pinwheel to detect a _____ diameter fiber neuropathy.

a. large

b. small

a. large

1 multiple choice option

The anterior tibialis is innervated by which of the following peripheral nerves?

a. common peroneal

b. sural nerve

c. tibial nerve

d. saphenous nerve

a. common peroneal

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following would likely be present below the level of the lesion in a patient with Brown-Sequard syndrome?

a. pain/temp loss ipsilaterally and tactile loss contralaterally

b. both pain/temp and tactile loss contralaterally

c. both pain/temp and tactile loss ipsilaterally

d. tactile loss ipsilaterally and pain/temp loss contralaterally

d. tactile loss ipsilaterally and pain/temp loss contralaterally

3 multiple choice options

Which portion of the facial nucleus in the brainstem receives corticobulbar tract innervation only from the contralateral motor cortex?

a. lower

b. upper

a. lower

1 multiple choice option

The calcarine sulcus region of the cerebral hemisphere receives input relayed through which of the following thalamic nuclei?

a. anterior sulcus

b. lateral geniculate nucleus

c. ventroanterior nucleus

d. ventroposterior nucleus

e. medial geniculate nucleus

f. ventrolateral nucleus

b. lateral geniculate nucleus

3 multiple choice options

The pronator teres and quadratus are innervated by which of the following?

a. ulnar nerve

b. radial nerve

c. both the median and ulnar nerve

d. median nerve

d. median nerve

3 multiple choice options

Atrophy of the thenar eminence would most likely result from lesion of which of the following peripheral nerves?

a. musculocutaneous

b. radial

c. median

d. ulnar

c. median

3 multiple choice options

T/F. In its early stage, syringomyelia would more likely cause pain/temperature loss than it would cause tactile loss.

a. true

b. false

a. true

1 multiple choice option

DTR hyperreflexia would more likely result from _____ motor neuron lesion.

a. lower

b. upper

b. upper

1 multiple choice option

The greater & lesser splanchnic nerves provide _____ innervation of _____ organs.

a. parasympathetic; abdominal

b. sympathetic; thoracic

c. sympathetic; abdominal

d. parasympathetic; thoracic

c. sympathetic; abdominal

3 multiple choice options

In the embryologic development of the brain, the cerebellum develops from the same secondary vesicle as does the _____.

a. midbrain

b. medulla

c. pons

c. pons

2 multiple choice options

Parasympathetic innervation of most of the abdominal organs exits the CNS from the _____.

a. sacral cord

b. cervical cord

c. lumbar cord

d. brainstem

e. thoracic cord

d. brainstem

3 multiple choice options

Cerebellar-related motor dysfunction in the left limbs would most likely result from lesion involving the _____ side of cerebellum.

a. right

b. left

b. left

1 multiple choice option

The supraoptichypophyseal tract is involved in hypothalamic influence on ____ lobes of the pituitary.

a. the anterior

b. the posterior

c. both the anterior and posterior

b. the posterior

2 multiple choice options

A lesion in the cerebral hemisphere slightly posterior to the central sulcus would most likely cause which of the following?

a. incoordination

b. motor weakness

c. somatosensory

d. involuntary movements

c. somatosensory

3 multiple choice options

T/F. Wallenberg syndrome is a myelopathy.

a. true

b. false

b. false

1 multiple choice option

Damage to motor tracts in the posterior portion of the lateral column of the spinal cord would most likely result in which of the following?

a. weakness with UMN lesion signs contralaterally

b. weakness with UMN lesion signs ipsilaterally

c. weakness with LMN lesion signs ipsilaterally

d. weakness with LMN lesion signs contralaterally

b. weakness with UMN lesion signs ipsilaterally

3 multiple choice options

Afferent input from the muscle spindle receptor is via type _____ primary afferents.

a. 1a

b. 1b

c. 3

d. 2

a. 1a

3 multiple choice options

Primary tactile afferents within peripheral and spinal nerves are _____ -diameter fibers.

a. large

b. small

a. large

1 multiple choice option

Testing the strength of the extensor hallucis longus (EHL) is considered to primarily assess the motor function of which of the following spinal nerves?

a. L5

b. S1

c. L4

d. L3

a. L5

3 multiple choice options

When a peripheral nerve lesion causes sensory loss in the lateral forearm, muscles innervated by that peripheral nerve might also be weak. Which of the following motor actions would most likely be weak?

a. wrist extension

b. forearm pronation

c. wrist flexion

d. elbow flexion

e. pinky opposition

f. elbow extension

d. elbow flexion

3 multiple choice options

T/F. The 3 letter designation for the voluntary motor system is "GVE".

a. true

b. false

b. false

1 multiple choice option

T/F. The presence of a LMN lesion indicates that there is damage to the peripheral nervous system.

a. true

b. false

b. false

1 multiple choice option

When weakness of plantar flexion is due to spinal nerve lesion, sensory alteration due to spinal nerve lesion would more likely be present in which of the following?

a. lateral calf and lateral foot

b. medial shin and medial foot

c. lateral shin and top of the foot

d. none of the above

a. lateral calf and lateral foot

3 multiple choice options

When the basic sensory exam is normal, the presence of astereognosis would be suggestive of dysfunction of which of the following?

a. parietal lobe

b. frontal lobe

c. occipital lobe

d. temporal lobe

a. parietal lobe

3 multiple choice options

Agraphognosis would most likely result from a lesion of the ______.

a. Brainstem

b. Parietal lobe

c. Thalamus

d. Peripheral nerve

e. Spinal cord

b. Parietal lobe

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is the "expressive" language center?

a. Wernicke's area

b. Broca's area

b. Broca's area

1 multiple choice option

Making decisions and judgements is considered to be primarily a function of which of the following lobes of the cerebral hemisphere?

a. parietal

b. occipital

c. temporal

d. frontal

d. frontal

3 multiple choice options

Horner's syndrome involves loss of ____ innervation of the head and face.

a. sympathetic

b. parasympathetic

a. sympathetic

1 multiple choice option

The pain tingling, numbness, and motor weakness resulting from a common peroneal nerve injury would most likely be mis diagnosed as being due to a ______ radiculopathy.

a. S1

b. L5

c. L4

d. L3

b. L5

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following would best identify that the patient has peripheral nerve compression in the pronator teres muscle rather than more distally?

a. weakness of the interossei

b. weakness of the flexor carpi radialis

c. weakness of the opponens pollicis

d. sensory alteration in the thumb

e. sensory alteration in the pinky

b. weakness of the flexor carpi radialis

3 multiple choice options

Lesion of the medial lemniscus would most likely cause _______.

a. weakness contralaterally

b. pain/temp loss contralaterally

c. weakness ipsilaterally

d. tactile loss contralaterally

e. pain/temp loss ipsilaterally

f. tactile loss ipsilaterally

d. tactile loss contralaterally

3 multiple choice options

T/F. A patient with LMN lesion signs might have either a CNS or PNS lesion?

a. True

b. False

a. True

1 multiple choice option

T/F. When a patient presents with UMN lesion signs, the doctor should suspect that the patient has either a cerebellar or basal ganglia lesion.

a. true

b. false

b. false

1 multiple choice option

Patients with polyneuropathy usually initially complain of sensory complaints in their ______.

a. hips

b. hands

c. feet

d. face

e. shoulders

c. feet

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following peripheral nerves would more likely become entrapped/compressed in the supinator muscle?

a. ulnar nerve

b. axillary nerve

c. musculocutaneous nerve

d. radial nerve

e. median nerve

d. radial nerve

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is the thalamus' somatosensory relay nucleus?

a. ventroanterior

b. ventrolateral

c. ventroposterior

d. dorsomedial

c. ventroposterior

3 multiple choice options

The patient is instructed to stick the index finger and pinky up (other fingers are flexed) and the to spread the index finger and pinky apart. This would test motor function to the _____ nerve.

a. ulnar

b. median nerve

c. radial nerve

d. musculocutaneous nerve

a. ulnar

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following best identifies the motor weakness that would most likely be present below the level of the lesion in a patient with Brown-Sequard syndrome?

a. weakness ipsilaterally with UMN lesion signs

b. weakness contralaterally with UMN lesion signs

c. weakness ipsilaterally with LMN lesion signs

d. weakness contralaterally with LMN lesion signs

a. weakness ipsilaterally with UMN lesion signs

3 multiple choice options

A stroke involving which of the following arteries would most likely cause motor and/or sensory deficits in the left lower extremity?

a. right middle cerebral artery

b. right anterior cerebral artery

c. left middle cerebral artery

d. left anterior cerebral artery

e. right posterior cerebral artery

f. left posterior cerebral artery

b. right anterior cerebral artery

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is the function of the spino-trigeminal tract (aka trigemino-spinal tract)?

a. transmission of pain/temp sensation from the face

b. UMN innervation of muscles of facial expression

c. transmission of tactile sensation from the face

d. UMN innervation of muscles of mastication

e. transmission of both pain/temp and tactile sensation from the face

a. transmission of pain/temp sensation from the face

3 multiple choice options

The dorsolateral medulla is vascularized by which of the following arteries?

a. posterior inferior cerebellar artery

b. basilar artery

c. superior cerebellar artery

d. anterior inferior cerebellar artery

a. posterior inferior cerebellar artery

3 multiple choice options

When there is weakness of plantar flexion, the doctor should consider the possibility of an ____ radiculopathy, or a ________ nerve lesion as the cause.

a. L5; common peroneal

b. L5; tibial

c. S1; tibial

d. S1; common peroneal

c. S1; tibial

3 multiple choice options

T/F. "Astereognosis" refers to decreased ability to recognize numbers or letters drawn on the skin.

a. true

b. false

b. false

1 multiple choice option

Tactile loss in the right lower extremity would most likely result from lesion involving which of the following?

a. right fasciculus gracilis

b. left fasciculus cuneatus

c. left spinothalamic tract

d. left fasciculus gracilis

e. right fasciculus cuneatus

f. right spinothalamic tract

a. right fasciculus gracilis

3 multiple choice options

Patients with meralgia paresthetica would most likely present with which of the following?

a. somatosensory and motor symptoms and signs

b. motor weakness and UMN lesion signs

c. motor weakness and LMN lesion signs

d. somatosensory symptoms and signs

d. somatosensory symptoms and signs

3 multiple choice options

Compression of the cauda equina by central herniation of an L5-S1 disc would likely cause compromise of _______ innervation of pelvic organs.

a. sympathetic

b. parasympathetic

c. both sympathetic and parasympathetic

b. parasympathetic

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following is considered to be part of the motor "association" cortex?

a. supplementary motor and premotor

b. premotor

c. postcentral gyrus and premotor

d. supplementary and postcentral gyrus

e. supplementary motor

f. postcentral gyrus

a. supplementary motor and premotor

3 multiple choice options

Lesion of the dorsolateral medulla would more likely cause which of the following facial sensory alterations?

a. pain/temp loss in the ipsilateral face

b. tactile loss in the contralateral face

c. tactile loss in the ipsilateral face

d. loss of both pain/temp and tactile in the contralateral face

e. loss of both pain/temp and tactile in the ipsilateral face

f. pain/temp loss in the contralateral face

a. pain/temp loss in the ipsilateral face

3 multiple choice options

T/F. Compromised function of the vestibulo tract would more likely cause motor deficits in the trunk and spine than in the limbs.

a. true

b. false

a. true

1 multiple choice option

T/F. The majority of proprioceptive input from movement of the limbs transmits to contralateral cerebellum.

a. true

b. false

b. false

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following tracts provide the UMN innervation to the muscles of the trunk and spine?

a. lateral corticospinal

b. vestibulospinal

c. dorsal spinocerebellar

d. fasciculus cuneatus

e. rubrospinal

b. vestibulospinal

3 multiple choice options

The presence of pathologic reflexes in a weak extremity would indicate that the patient more likely has an _____ motor neuron lesion.

a. upper

b. lower

a. upper

1 multiple choice option

Vascular accident involving which of the following arteries causes Wallenberg syndrome?

a. anterior cerebral

b. middle cerebral

c. posterior inferior cerebellar

d. anterior inferior cerebellar

e. superior cerebellar

c. posterior inferior cerebellar

3 multiple choice options

Which one of the following peripheral nerves innervates 2 of the upper extremity's DTRs?

a. radial

b. axillary

c. ulnar

d. musculocutaneous

e. median

a. radial

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following would most likely result from lesion in the anterior parietal lobe?

a. weakness

b. involuntary movement

c. somatosensory alteration

d. incoordination

c. somatosensory alteration

3 multiple choice options

Astereognosis refers to decreased ability to _______.

a. communicate via spoken or written language

b. understand spoken language

c. recognize familiar objects by touch

d. distinguish familiar aromas

e. interpret visual input

c. recognize familiar objects by touch

3 multiple choice options

The somatomotor neurons in cranial nerves are ______ motor neurons.

a. upper

b. lower

b. lower

1 multiple choice option

Lesion of which of the following would cause UMN lesion signs?

a. cerebellum

b. basal ganglia

c. corticospinal tract

d. none of the above

c. corticospinal tract

3 multiple choice options

A stroke involving which of the following arteries would most likely cause motor and/or sensory deficits in the right lower extremity?

a. right middle cerebral artery

b. right anterior cerebral artery

c. left middle cerebral artery

d. left anterior cerebral artery

e. right posterior cerebral artery

f. left posterior cerebral artery

d. left anterior cerebral artery

3 multiple choice options

"Knife-clasp" is a term used to describe how ____ may present.

a. rigidity

b. spasticity

b. spasticity

1 multiple choice option

The cell bodies of post-ganglionic sympathetic neurons are located in the _______.

a. dorsal horn

b. paravertebral ganglia

c. lateral horn

d. ventral horn

e. ganglia close to, or in the wall of, the innervated organ

b. paravertebral ganglia

3 multiple choice options

Patients with Horner's syndrome typically present with pupillary _____ and drooping of the _____ eyelid.

a. constrictor; upper

b. dilation; lower

c. constriction; lower

d. dilation; upper

a. constrictor; upper

3 multiple choice options

Clonus at the wrist and/or ankle would more likely result from _____ motor neuron lesion.

a. upper

b. lower

a. upper

1 multiple choice option

The vertebrobasilar artery vascularizes the _____ lobe.

a. inferior temporal

b. entire temporal

c. occipital lobe, but not the temporal

d. superior temporal

a. inferior temporal

3 multiple choice options

The head and face receive sympathetic innervation that exits the CNS from the _______.

a. mid thoracic cord

b. lower cervical cord

c. upper thoracic cord

d. upper cervical cord

e. brainstem

c. upper thoracic cord

3 multiple choice options

Ischemia/Stroke of which of the following portions of the brainstem is known as Wallenberg's syndrome?

a. dorsolateral midbrain

b. dorsolateral medulla

c. anteromedial medulla

d. anteromedial pons

e. anteromedial midbrain

f. dorsolateral pons

b. dorsolateral medulla

3 multiple choice options

T/F. When you want to access C6 function in the fingers, it would be best to test the index finger.

a. true

b. false

b. false

1 multiple choice option

When sensory loss in the lateral shin is due to spinal nerve lesion, which of the following motor activities would most likely be weak due to the lesion?

a. plantar flexion

b. hip flexion

c. knee extension

d. dorsiflexion

d. dorsiflexion

3 multiple choice options

The decussation of corticospinal tract fibers occurs in the ______.

a. pons

b. medulla

c. corpus callosum

d. midbrain

e. internal capsule

b. medulla

3 multiple choice options

Lesion of the medial lemniscus would most likely cause ________.

a. pain/temp loss ipsilaterally

b. pain/temp loss contralaterally

c. tactile loss contralaterally

d. tactile loss ipsilaterally

e. weakness ipsilaterally

f. weakness contralaterally

c. tactile loss contralaterally

3 multiple choice options

The medial geniculate nucleus is the _____ relay nucleus and the lateral geniculate nucleus is the _____ relay in the thalamus.

a. visual; auditory

b. auditory; visual

b. auditory; visual

1 multiple choice option

Bitemporal hemianopia would more likely result from tumors involving which of the following?

a. pituitary gland

b. optic nerve

c. eye

d. occipital lobe

e. optic radiation

a. pituitary gland

3 multiple choice options

The dorsal horn of the spinal cord contains the cell bodies of ________.

a. somatic motor neurons

b. tactile and pain/temp first order afferents

c. visceromotor neurons

d. pain/temp second order afferent

e. tactile second order afferents

d. pain/temp second order afferent

3 multiple choice options

Output from the basal ganglia and cerebellum projects to the cerebral cortex after replaying in the _____ nuclei in the thalamus.

a. medial geniculate and lateral geniculate

b. VPL and VPM

c. VA and VL

d. anterior and dorsomedial

c. VA and VL

3 multiple choice options

Herniation of the L5-S1 disc would most likely cause an ______ radiculopathy.

a. L4

b. L3

c. S1

d. L5

c. S1

3 multiple choice options

Myopathy usually causes weakness in the proximal muscles of the limbs.

a. true

b. false

a. true

1 multiple choice option

In it's early stage, syringomyelia, would more likely cause which of the following?

a. pain/temp loss

b. tactile loss

c. pathological reflexes

d. weakness

a. pain/temp loss

3 multiple choice options

Where is the auditory cortex located?

a. superior temporal lobe

b. throughout the occipital lobe

c. anterior parietal lobe

d. posterior parietal lobe

a. superior temporal lobe

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following peripheral nerves would most likely be affected by a blow to the proximal fibula?

a. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

b. sural nerve

c. common peroneal nerve

d. tibial nerve

c. common peroneal nerve

3 multiple choice options

DTR hyporeflexia would more likely result from _____ motor neuron lesion.

a. lower

b. upper

a. lower

1 multiple choice option

Herniation of which of the following discs would most likely cause an L5 radiculopathy?

a. L5-S1

b. L4-5

c. L3-4

b. L4-5

2 multiple choice options

Tuberoinfundibular tract is involved in hypothalamic influence on ______ lobes of the pituitary.

a. the anterior

b. the posterior

c. both the anterior and posterior

a. the anterior

2 multiple choice options

Which of the following peripheral nerves would most likely become compressed in the tarsal tunnel?

a. tibial nerve

b. sural nerve

c. saphenous nerve

d. common peroneal nerve

a. tibial nerve

3 multiple choice options

The ventroposterior nucleus in the thalamus is involved in ____ relay.

a. somatomotor

b. somatosensory

c. auditory

d. limbic

b. somatosensory

3 multiple choice options

When it is desired to test C6 sensory function in the fingers, it would be best to test in which of the following fingers?

a. ring finger

b. middle finger

c. pinky

d. thumb

d. thumb

3 multiple choice options

The designation GVE refers to which of the following?

a. the somatosensory system

b. the autonomic nervous system

b. the autonomic nervous system

1 multiple choice option

Which of the following artery systems vascularizes the language centers?

a. internal carotid

b. vertebrobasilar

a. internal carotid

1 multiple choice option

T/F. The "premotor" and "supplementary motor" areas are part to the motor association cortex involved in motor planning or programing.

a. true

b. false

a. true

1 multiple choice option

A stroke involving which of the following arteries would most likely cause motor and/or deficits in the left side of the face and left upper extremity?

a. right middle cerebral artery

b. left posterior cerebral artery

c. left middle cerebral artery

d. right anterior cerebral artery

a. right middle cerebral artery

3 multiple choice options

The majority of proprioceptive input from movement of the limbs transmits to the _____ cerebellum.

a. ipsilateral

b. contralateral

a. ipsilateral

1 multiple choice option

Which portion of the facial nucleus in the brainstem receives both ipsilateral and contralateral corticobulbar tract innervation?

a. upper

b. lower

c. both upper and lower

a. upper

2 multiple choice options

The interossei muscles are innervated by the _____ nerve.

a. musculocutaneous

b. median

c. ulnar

d. radial

c. ulnar

3 multiple choice options

The muscle that flexes and abducts the wrist is innervated by the __________ nerve.

a. Ulnar

b. Radial

c. Median

d. Musculocutaneous

c. Median

3 multiple choice options

Elbow flexion with the forearm in the semi-pronated/semi-supinated position is a function of the ________ nerve.

a. Radial

b. Median

c. Ulna

d. Axillary

a. Radial

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following would most likely result from basal ganglia lesion?

a. Sensory loss

b. Weakness

c. Ataxia

d. Involuntary movements

d. Involuntary movements

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following is a component of the basal ganglia?

a. Trigemino-spinal nucleus

b. Emboliform nucleus

c. Putamen

d. Nucleus cuneatus

e. Nucleus gracilis

c. Putamen

3 multiple choice options

The anatomic location of the cerebellum's functional region known as the vestibulocerebellum is the ________ lobe.

a. Anterior

b. Posterior

c. Flocculonodular

d. Insula

c. Flocculonodular

3 multiple choice options