Anatomy: unit 1

integumentary system

The integumentary system is the body's first line of defense against external pathogens and injury, consisting of the skin, hair, nails, and associated glands.

skeletal system

The skeletal system is the framework of bones and cartilage that supports the body, protects vital organs, and enables movement by providing attachment points for muscles. Bones, ligaments, joints, and cartilage are the main organs

muscular system

that enables body movement, maintains posture, and produces heat. It consists of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.

nervous system

The nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between different parts of the body, coordinating bodily functions, and processing sensory information. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

endocrine system

The endocrine system is a network of glands that produce and release hormones to regulate various bodily functions, including metabolism, growth, and mood. Key glands include the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreas.

cardiovascular system

The cardiovascular system is responsible for the circulation of blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients to tissues while removing waste products. It includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

respiratory system

The respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment. It includes organs such as the lungs, trachea, and diaphragm.

immune / lymphatic system

The immune/lymphatic system is responsible for defending the body against infections and diseases. It includes structures such as lymph nodes, the spleen, and thymus, which produce and transport lymphocytes and other immune cells.

digestive system

The digestive system is responsible for the breakdown and absorption of food, converting it into energy and nutrients for the body. It includes organs such as the stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas.

urinary system

The urinary system is responsible for the production, storage, and elimination of urine. It includes organs such as the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

reproductive system

The reproductive system is responsible for producing offspring and facilitating reproduction. It includes organs such as the ovaries, testes, uterus, and prostate.