Unit 2 vocab

Expressed Powers

powers directly stated in the constitution

Checks and Balances

A system that allows the 3 branches of government (legislative, executive, judicial) to limit the powers of the other branches.

concurrent powers

Powers held jointly by the national and state governments.

Denied Powers

Powers which the constitution prohibits to the national and state governments

Elastic Clause

Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution, which allows Congress to make all laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out the powers of the Constitution.

Establishment Clause

Clause in the First Amendment that says the government may not establish an official religion.

Federalism

A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

Franklin's New Deal

Federally funded programs passed from 1933 - 1936
for 'relief, recovery, reform

Free Exercise Clause

A First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion.

Johnson's Great Society

set of programs proposed in 1965 by President Johnson to eliminate poverty and racial injustice.

Limited Government

A principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution.

Delegated Powers

Powers specifically given to the federal government by the US Constitution, for example, the authority to print money.

New Federalism

A policy in 1969, that turned over powers and responsibilities of some U.S. federal programs to state and local governments and reduced the role of national government.

First Amendment Rights

Freedom of speech, press, religion, and assembly

Poll Tax

A requirement that citizens pay a tax in order to register to vote

Separation of Powers

Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law

Suffrage

The right to vote. Typically associated with women's right to vote established by the 19th amendment in 1920.

The 10th Amendment

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

Constitutional Amendment process

Must be proposed by Congress with 2/3 vote in Congress
Then, must be ratified by 3/4 of state legislatures

Early Republic Amendments

Bill of Rights and amendments 11 & 12

Reconstruction Amendments

13th, 14th, and 15th amendments after the civil war granted African Americans citizenship, voting rights, and protections from discrimination

Progressive Era Amendments

16th, 17th, 18th, 19th including income tax and women's suffrage

Civil Rights Era Amendments

The 23rd and 24th intended to extend and protect the voting rights of African Americans (eliminated poll taxes).