Students - Unit 1 Biochemistry Notes Presentation 24-25 - Google Slides

Macromolecules are also known as __________.

Biomolecules

Carbonebased molecules refer to __________.

Macromolecules

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

What are carbohydrates primarily used for?

They serve as a primary energy source and structural components.

What role do lipids play in the body?

Lipids provide long-term energy storage, insulation, and are key components of cell membranes.

What are proteins made up of?

Proteins are made up of chains of amino acids.

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

A phospholipid consists of a hydrophilic 'head' and two hydrophobic 'tails'.

What is the process of protein synthesis?

Protein synthesis involves transcription and translation of genetic information.

What is a common example of a carbohydrate?

Glucose is a simple sugar and an important carbohydrate.

What are enzymes?

Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

What is the significance of DNA?

DNA carries the genetic blueprint for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of living organisms.

What are the building blocks of proteins?

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.

What is the primary function of carbohydrates?

The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide energy.

What are lipids commonly known as?

Lipids are commonly known as fats.

What is the role of nucleic acids in cells?

Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary information.

What are the two main types of nucleic acids?

DNA and RNA are the two main types of nucleic acids.

What is the function of enzymes?

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions in the body.

What type of bond connects amino acids?

Peptide bonds connect amino acids.

What monosaccharide is a primary energy source?

Glucose is a primary energy source.

What are the two main categories of lipids?

The two main categories of lipids are saturated and unsaturated fats.

What is the main characteristic of phospholipids?

Phospholipids have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

What is the process of creating proteins from amino acids called?

Translation is the process of creating proteins from amino acids.

What is a common function of glycogen?

Glycogen serves as energy storage in animals.

What is the structure of DNA described as?

DNA has a double helix structure.

What provides energy to cells?

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) provides energy to cells.

What is the function of ribosomes?

Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis.

What are the simplest form of carbohydrates?

Monosaccharides are the simplest forms of carbohydrates.

What role do hormones play in the body?

Hormones regulate physiological processes in the body.

What is a disaccharide?

A disaccharide is a carbohydrate composed of two monosaccharides.

What serves as a protective barrier in cell membranes?

Phospholipids serve as a protective barrier in cell membranes.

What is the primary component of cell membranes?

Phospholipids are the primary component of cell membranes.

What are steroids classified as?

Steroids are a type of lipid.

What is the role of cellulose?

Cellulose provides structural support in plant cell walls.

What do amino acids contain?

Amino acids contain an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a variable side chain.

How do nucleotides form nucleic acids?

Nucleotides link together through phosphodiester bonds to form nucleic acids.

What is a peptide?

A peptide is a short chain of amino acids.

What is the function of triglycerides?

Triglycerides store energy and provide insulation.