Skeletal System Section from Book

Foramen

natural opening in body

Zygomatic

cheekbone

Fissue

natural division in bodily structure

Concha

shell-shaped structures in the body

Condyle

end of a bone that connects with another bone to form a joint

Suture

connects the bones of the skull

Ramus

branch-like projection

Pituitary

“master gland” because it controls things like growth

Pterygoid

wing-shaped structures

Hypoglossal

occurring beneath the tongue

ethmoid

single bone in the skull that helps form the roof of the nose, the inside wall of the eye socket, and the floor of the front brain area

Protuberance

rounded bump that bulges outward from a surface

Vomer

plow-shaped facial bone in the skull that forms the lower and back part of the nasal septum, separates left and right nasal

Palatomaxillary

structural and functional combining the palatine bone and the maxilla (upper jaw bone)

Intermaxillary

connection of the two maxillae (the upper jaw bones)

Articular

connected with a joint

Facet

small, smooth, flat surface on a hard body part, usually a bone

Foramen

natural opening in body

Iliac

relating to the ilium, which is the large upper wing-shaped bone of the pelvis

Ilium

form each lateral half of the pelvis

Ramus

branch-like projection

Ischium

back part of the hip bone that helps form the pelvis, commonly known as the seat bone or sitting bone

Ala

wing

Foramina

natural opening in the body

Trochanter

large, prominent bump on the upper part of the thigh bone (femur)

Supraspinous

located above the spine

Infraspinous

located below the spine

Olecrannon

the large, thick, curved bony protrusion that forms the pointed tip of the human below

Epicondyle

rounded bump or protection on a long bone that sits just above a joint’s smooth connecting surface

Capitulum

smooth, rounded knob or little head-shaped protuberance on a bone that typically forms part of a joint

Subclavian

Located underneath the clavicle (collarbone)

Plexus

branching network of intersecting nerves, blood vessels, or lymphatic vessels

Branchii

of the arm (like a branch)

Carpal

eight small, irregularly shaped bones that connect the forearm (radius and ulna) to the hand’s metacarpals

Ulna

long inner bone of the forearm

Radius

the lateral (thumb-side) long bone of the forearm, paired with the ulna

Ulnocarpal

joint area on the pinky-finger side of the wrist

Radiocarpal

a joint connecting the forearm’s radius bone to the wrist’s proximal carpal bones

Phalanx

the digital long bones found in the hands and feet of humans

Dorsal

relating to or situated near the back or upper surface of an organism

Carpometacarpal

connection between carpal bones (wrist) and the metacarpal bones (palm)

Epicondyle

small bump or rounded projection on a long bone that sits just above or upon the main joint surface

Anular

ring-shaped or circular

Oblique

muscle whose fibers run at a slanting or diagonal angle

Collateral

a secondary, accessory, or side branch of a bodily structure

Fibrous

thread-like protein fibers like collagen, provide strength, support, and structure to the body

Capsule

sac-like layer that surrounds or covers a joint

Trochanter

bump on the upper part of the thigh bone that acts as an important attachment point for hip and leg muscles

Talus

tarsal bone in the hindfoot

Navicular

small tarsal bone in the midfoot that is shaped like a boat

Cuneiform

three tarsal bones in the midfoot

Metatarsal

five long bones in the human foot located between the tarsal bones (midfoot/ankle) and the phalanges (toe bones)

Malleolus

bony bump on either side of the ankle

Obturator

associated with the obturator foramen, which is a large opening in the pelvic bone formed by the pubis and ischium

Ischiopubic

relating to both the ischium and the pubis

Acetabulum

cup-shaped socket on the outer side of the hip bone that holds the head of the thigh bone to form the hip joint

Iliac

upper wing-shaped bone of the pelvis

Iliacus

functions as a primary hip flexor

Saphenous vein

two pairs of long, superficial blood vessels in the legs

Sartorius

longest muscle in the human body, running down the length of the thigh, helping to lift and rotate the leg

Iliopsoas

combined inner hip muscle

Femoral

relating to the femur or thigh

Inguinal

relating to the groin

Longissmus

means the longest ones

Iliocostalis

deep back muscle

Lumborum

means of the lower back

Piriformis

flat, narrow muscle located deep in the buttock region behind the large gluteus maximus muscle, helping to rotate and stabilize the hip

Gemellus

refers to the two small hip muscles- the superior gemellus and the inferior gemellus: help rotate and stabilize the thigh

Sciatic

the longest, thickest single nerve in the human body going from lover spine and back of each leg

Sacrotuberous

strong band of connective tissue connects sacrum and coccyx to the pelvis

Semitendinosus

means half tendon

Semimembranosus

deep hamstring muscle in the back of the thigh

Popliteal

area behind or related to the back of the knee

Gastrocnemius

means belly of the leg

Saphenous

superficial structures- specifically a major vein, nerve, and opening-located in the lower limb  

Sural

back part of the leg below the knee

Meniscus

pad of rubbery fibrocartilage in the knee that acts as a shock absorber, distributes weight, and stabilizes the joint 

Cruciate

cross-shaped

Iliotibial

relating to the ilium (hip bone) and the tibia (shin bone) 

Gracilis

long, slender inner-thigh muscle

Sartorius

longest muscle in the human body

Patellar

largest sesamoid bone in the human body

Quadriceps

means four headed muscle

Vastus

used to anime the large muscles in the front and sides of the thigh that make up most of the quadriceps femoris group

Medialis

body part or structure located closer to the middle of the body facing inward rather than toward the side

Lateralis

pertaining to the side

Calcaneofibular

ligament, which connects the fibula and the calcaneus

Brevis

short

Talofibular

relating to both the talus (upper ankle bone) and the fibula (outer lower leg bone)

Tibialis

relating to the tibia