Black Power Movement History Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key figures, concepts, organizations, and events of the Black Power Movement during the 1960s based on the lecture notes.

Black Power Movement (BPM)

A movement that developed in the 1960s to challenge racial discrimination and inequality in the United States, emerging because many African Americans were frustrated with the slow progress of the Civil Rights Movement.

Malcolm X

A key Black Power figure, originally known as Malcolm Little and member of the Nation of Islam, who promoted Black pride, self-reliance, and self-defence by any means necessary.

Malcolm X's Pilgrimage to Mecca

A journey during which Malcolm X discovered that not all white people were evil, leading him to become less militant and more accepting of racial integration and cooperation.

Stokely Carmichael

An influential leader who popularised the slogan 'Black Power' in a speech in 1966, encouraging African Americans to control and defend their own communities and take pride in Black culture.

James Meredith

A figure who was shot and wounded in 1966 during the March Against Fear, prompting Stokely Carmichael's famous 'Black Power' speech.

Black Panther Party for Self-Defence

An organization formed in 1966 by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton to fight police brutality and racism and to monitor police activities in Black communities.

Bobby Seale and Huey Newton

The founders who created the Black Panther Party for Self-Defence in 1966.

Black Panther Party Self-Help Programmes

Community initiatives run by the Black Panther Party that provided free breakfast programmes, healthcare facilities, and tutoring schemes for learners.

Ten-Point Plan

The Black Panther Party's platform demanding full employment, decent housing, better education, an end to police brutality, release of political prisoners, compensation for racial exploitation, and the teaching of Black history.

Watts Riot

A 1965 race riot in Los Angeles that resulted in 34 deaths, nearly 400 arrests, and widespread destruction of property.

President Johnson's Commission

A government commission appointed after the 1965–1969 race riots that identified unemployment, poor housing, inadequate schools, and police brutality as the causes of African American frustration and anger.