Hydrogen and Fuel Cells & Energy Conservation

Flashcards on the key concepts of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells, and Energy Conservation, highlighting processes, benefits, and statistics.

What is the biggest limitation to renewable energy mentioned in the lecture?

The difficulty in storing energy in large quantities for use when needed.

How do fuel cells generate electricity?

Fuel cells use hydrogen as a stored power source, combining hydrogen with oxygen to produce water and releasing energy.

What are the environmental benefits of transitioning from gasoline to hydrogen?

It alleviates dependence on foreign fuels and helps reduce greenhouse emissions that lead to climate change.

What process is used to produce hydrogen from water?

Electrolysis, which splits water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen using electricity.

What affects the cleanliness of hydrogen fuel?

The power source used to generate it, whether from fossil fuel combustion or renewable energy.

What is a key chemical reaction for fuel cells?

The reaction 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, which is the reverse of electrolysis.

What are two major costs associated with hydrogen fuel cells?

The massive development costs of infrastructure for transportation and storage, and the current costs of hydrogen extraction and production.

What is a benefit of using hydrogen as a fuel according to the notes?

It is the most abundant element in the universe, generating no air pollution and having high energy efficiency.

What is the efficiency range of fuel cells in converting energy?

35-70% of the energy released in the reaction can be used.

What is Energy Conservation?

A method of reducing the need for additional energy consumption and saving money for consumers.

What percentage of U.S. electricity consumption is accounted for by lighting and air conditioning?

25%.

What are some areas to consider for energy savings in house design?

Home size, windows, insulation, ventilation, orientation, shading, daylighting, and passive solar.

What does the R-rating measure?

How well a barrier prevents heat loss and insulates.

What is one way to improve energy conservation in transportation?

Improving vehicle fuel efficiency and using electric vehicles.

What is one strategy to reduce total travel amounts?

Increase carpooling and use more efficient modes of transport like trains and buses.