FCC Statistics Chapter 1 Flashcards

population

total collection of persons, things, or objects under study

sample

smaller portion of the larger population

data

information about populations or samples

variables

unknown characteristics about a population that we wish to know

parameter

number that is a property of the population

statistic

number that represents a property of the sample

stratified sampling

divide the population into groups, and then take your sample from a proportionate number from each group

cluster sampling

divide the population into groups, and then randomly select some of the groups. All the members from these chosen groups are in the cluster sample

systematic sampling

randomly select a starting point and take every nth piece of data from a listing of the population. Systematic sampling is frequently chosen because it is a simple method

convenience sampling

involves using results that are readily available (not random)

observational study

A type of study where researchers observe and measure outcomes without manipulating any variables. It helps identify associations but does not establish causation

experimental study

A type of study where researchers manipulate one or more variables to observe the effect on a response variable, allowing for causal inferences