Plant Diversity and Anatomy Part 1

Angiosperms

the flowering plant.

4 characteristics of the plant kingdom

1. cell walls

2. store energy in the form of starch

3. chlorophyll

4. provide support for embryo in early development.

2 Important Challenges in plant evolution

dehydration, reproduction without water.

Vascular plants

have xylem and phloem.

Nonvascular Plants

no phloem or xylem,

Vascular Plants are divided into?

groups with seeds, and groups with no seeds.

How do seedless plants reproduce?

spores.

How are seeded plants divided?

flowering and non-flowering plants.

Nonvascular Plants

lack a vascular system

Nonvascular Plants are also known as

Bryophytes

Most common Bryophytes?

Mossess.

Where are Mosses Found?

Moist soil.

Number of Bryophyta species?

15,000.

Why do Bryophytes live in moist soil?

They require water for fertilization, they produce swimming sperm.

Xylem

Transport water & nutrients up from the roots

Phloem

Transports sugar down towards the roots.

Ferns

First to develop vascular tissue. (seedless plants).

How do Vascular tissue help plants avoid dehydration?

Form tubes that transport water & nutrients to different parts of plant.

Waxy Cuticle

prevents water loss & dehydration. (vascular plants)

What period were seedless vascular plants common?

Carboniferous.

Carboniferous Period

Deposit of Coal.

How are seedless vascular plants divided?

1. Lycophyta: Club mossess, 1,200 species

2. Pterophyta: Ferns, 12,000 species.