TEAS 7: Science

Which of the following is a part of the pulmonary circuit?

Pulmonary vein

Superior vena cava

Bronchial artery

Aorta

Pulmonary vein

Which of the following pancreatic secretions digests starch into disaccharides?

Chymotrypsin

Trypsin

Amylase

Lipase

Amylase

Which of the following units is used to indicate mass?

mg

Which of the following substances is excreted by sweat glands in response to the breakdown of proteins and the formation of ammonia?

Sebum

Water

Lysozymes

Urea

Urea

A researcher collects high-resolution photographs of the Earth taken from outer space at annual intervals for the last decade. This data would be most useful to analyze which of the following?

Deforestation in the rainforest

Human movement during crises

Migration patterns of large whales

Weather patterns during hurricanes

Deforestation in the rainforest

Which of the following is a property of water?

-Water is made up of one molecule of hydrogen and two molecules of oxygen.

-Water dissolves polar and ionic compounds.

-Water requires less heat than ethanol to raise its temperature.

-Solid water is more dense than liquid water.

Water dissolves polar and ionic compounds.

Which of the following statements about COVID-19 vaccine initiation is supported by the data in

the chart below?

1,200,000

800.000

14,000,000

12,000,000

COND-19

Fee

Date of administration

-The cumulative total for January is around 13 million,

-The highest daily rate occurred in December.

-The cumulative total fell by 2 million between January 9 and January 10.

-The daily rate for December 29 and January 5 are similar.

The daily rate for December 29 and January 5 are similar.

Which of the following body cavities is subdivided into the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

Cranial

Vertebral

Ventral

Dorsal

Ventral

Which of the following describes the function of tendons?

Tendons attach bones to ligaments.

Tendons attach two bones.

Tendons attach skeletal muscles to ligaments.

Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bone.

Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bone.

Which of the following bases is found in RNA but is absent from DNA?

Uracil

Cytosine

Thymine

Adenine

Uracil

Which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?

Diffusion down a concentration gradient

Conversion to carbon monoxide

Active transport using energy

Passive transport using carrier proteins

Diffusion down a concentration gradient

Histones are proteins associated with which of the following?

Blood

Hair follicles

Sperm cells

DNA

DNA

Which of the following structures is a flap of cartilage that prevents the movement of food into the trachea?

Larynx

Epiglottis

Pharynx

Glottis

Epiglottis

If a portion of a strand of DNA bases reads SAGCTAGCGT, what would the sequence of bases on the complementary strand read?

5 TCGUTCGCU 3

3 TCGATCGCA 5

3 AGCTAGCGT S

SUCGAUCGCA3

3 TCGATCGCA 5

Which of the following occurs during inhalation?

The ribcage lowers.

The volume of the thoracic cavity decreases.

Air moves from areas of low pressure to areas of high pressure.

The diaphragm moves downward.

The diaphragm moves downward.

Which of the following actions does a hydrophilic hormone take to activate a target cell?

a. The hormone binds to a cytosolic receptor in the target cell.

b. The hormone enters a target cell through a transport protein.

c. The hormone passes through the plasma membrane of the target cell.

d. The hormone binds to cell-surface receptors of the target cell.

d. The hormone binds to cell-surface receptors of the target cell.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the change in coat coloring of an Arctic fox from brown in summer?

a. Neither the phenotype nor the genotype of the fox changes.

b. The fox's phenotype changes, but the genotype does not.

c. The fox's genotype changes, but the phenotype does not.

d. Both the phenotype and genotype of the fox change.

The fox's phenotype changes, but the genotype does not.

Which of the following is correct regarding the pH scale?

a. A substance with a pH of 3 is two times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.

b. A substance with a pH of 3 is two times more alkaline than a substance with a pH of 4.

c. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.

d. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more alkaline than a subneuroif

c. A substance with a pH of 3 is 10 times more acidic than a substance with a pH of 4.

Which of the following describes why water has a concave, or downward-curving, meniscus when poured in a glass beaker?

a. The adhesive forces with the glass are greater than the cohesive forces.

b. The cohesive forces with the glass are greater than the adhesive forces.

c. Glass has a higher density than water.

d. Water has a higher density than glass.

The adhesive forces with the glass are greater than the cohesive forces.

A researcher is gathering large amounts of data about patients who have a common disease and the effectiveness of various medications in comparison to a placebo. Which of the following types of graphs is the best way for the researcher to present the data?

Flow chart

Bar graph

Line graph

Pie chart

Bar graph

Which of the following body systems develops from the same origin tissues as the lungs?

Gastrointestinal system

Neuromuscular system

Genitourinary system

Musculoskeletal system

Gastrointestinal system

Which of the following is a function of a catalyst?

To increase the product yield

To increase the activation energy of a reaction

To increase the rate of a reaction

To convert a non-spontaneous reaction to a spontaneous reaction

To increase the rate of a reaction

Which of the following is a weakness of a correlational study?

Inability to control independent variables

Cannot be replicated

Too many variables to control

Cannot determine causation

Cannot determine causation

A mutation of a portion of a DNA molecule changed the resulting mRNA sequence from AUU-GGG-UUC to CUU-GGG-UUC. Using the table below, predict the resulting amino acid sequence.

From Leu-Gly-Phe to Met-Gly-Leu

From Met-Gly-Leu to Leu-Gly-Phe

From Ile-Gly-Ser to Leu-Gly-Phe

From Ile-Gly-Phe to Leu-Gly-Phe

From Ile-Gly-Phe to Leu-Gly-Phe

Lifelong protection after exposure to a virus such as chickenpox is due to which of the following types of immunity?

Active

Nonspecific

Transplantation

Innate

Active

The following diagram summarizes the carbonic acid-bicarbonate lon buffer system of the blood.

C*O_{2} +H 2 O ---> H 2 CO 3 ---> HCO 3^ - +H^ +

Which of the following equations shows the reaction that takes place when there are excessive

protons ( H ^ * ) in the blood?

H_{2}*C*O_{3} -> C*O_{2} + H_{2}*O

C*O_{2} + H_{2}*O -> H_{2}*C*O_{3}

H_{2}*C*O_{3} HCO 3^ - +H^ +

HCO 3 - + H+ -> H2CO{3}

HCO 3 - + H+ -> H2CO{3}

A scientist predicts that germinating beans will use more oxygen than non-germinating beans. This prediction following?

A hypothesis

Data collection

A conclusion

An observation

A hypothesis

An equal mass of which of the following states of matter could completely fill either a 100 ml. or 500 mL. container?

Solid

Gas

Mixture

Liquid

Gas

Carbohydrates are composed of which of the following?

Amino acids

Monosaccharides

Isoprenoids

Nucleic acids

Monosaccharides

The shortening of a sarcomere in skeletal muscle is directly due to the interaction of which of the following?

Acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase

Dynein and kinesin

Myosin and actin

Pepsin and pepsinogen

Myosin and actin

A vasectomy is a procedure in which the vas deferens are cut. Which of the following describes why a vasectomy leads to infertility?

a. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from a testis into the epididymis

b. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the epididymis into the urethra

c. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the ejaculatory duct into the bulbourethral

gland

d. The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the prostate gland to the bulbourethral

gland

The vasectomy blocks the movement of sperm from the epididymis into the urethra

Parasitic worm infestation is hypothesized to be damaging to the host. However, scientists have recently discovered that worm infestation can relieve the effects of certain autoimmune disorders. In which of the following ways should the hypothesis be modified, given the new

findings?

a. Worm infestations exacerbate the bodys immune reactions.

b. Worm infestation reduces the severity of certain autoimmune disorders.

c. Worm infestation prevents the body from immune malfunction.

d. Lack of worm infestations is the cause of some autoimmune disorders.

b. Worm infestation reduces the severity of certain autoimmune disorders.

During muscle contraction, myosin is directly responsible for which of the following?

Releasing calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

Binding to troponin molecules

Forming cross bridges with actin molecules

Initiating an action potential along the sarcolemma

Forming cross bridges with actin molecules

Which of the following best describes adaptive immunity?

The initiation of internal defenses, such as phagocytes and natural killer cells

The bodys barmer defenses, such as mucous membranes and secretions

The initiation of the inflammatory response

A response to specific traits of specific pathogens

A response to specific traits of specific pathogens

Which of the following is an example of active transport?

a. Aquaporins in kidney cells that help concentrate urine

b. Movement of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane against their concentration gradients

c. Loss of water from a cell in a hypertonic solution

d. Movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

b. Movement of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane against their concentration gradients

Which of the following describes the process by which solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) turns directly into carbon dioxide gas?

Evaporation

Condensation

Deposition

Sublimation

Sublimation

In the image above, identical genes (A and B) flank the te * t ^ R gene on Plasmid 1 and the amp gene on Plasmid 2. If these two plasmids successfully exchange genes between regions A and B, which of the following gene combinations is possible on the same plasmid?

ch * l ^ R + ka * n ^ R

ka * n ^ R + am * D ^ R

ka * n ^ R + te * t ^ R

ch * t ^ a + te * t ^ R

ka * n ^ R + te * t ^ R

A student investigating the importance of wavelengths above and below the visible spectrum for photosynthesis sets up an experiment as follows ever a 2-month period, all with illumination at 1 meter distance from plants grown with the same seil and watering conditions 3 Arabidopsis plants exposed to ultraviolet light (UV 3 Arebidopsis plants exposed to infrared light (IR) 3 Arabidopsis plants exposed to white light At the end of the experiment, she finds that the Ik treated plants are scorched, the UV treated

plants have wilted, but the whits light-treated plants are growing normally. Which of the following statements is most likely to be correct?

a. Infrared light contains more energy than the other wavelengths.

b. The wavelength of light does not affect photosynthesis.

c. Wavelength of light is the only variable that has been changed between groups.

d. Three plants do not provide sufficient replications to draw a c

Wavelength of light is the only variable that has been changed between groups.

Which of the following structures is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Golgi apparatus

Cell membrane

Chloroplast

Endoplasmic reticulum

Cell membrane

Which of the following is true if Kochs postulates are met regarding a disease?

The disease is hereditary.

The disease is noninfectious

The disease is the result of a dietary deficiency

The disease is caused by a microorganism

The disease is caused by a microorganism

Which of the following terms describes the removal of metabolic waste from the body?

Catabolism

Excretion

Anabolism

Secretion

Excretion

Which of the following layers of skin contains glands and hair follicles?

Stratum lucidum

Hypodermis

Stratum corneum

Dermis

Dermis

Which of the following vessels is responsible for carrying blood from the upper body to the right atrium of the heart?

Superior vena cava

Pulmonary veins

Pulmonary arteries

Aorta

Superior vena cava

Carbon has an atomic number of 6. Which of the following is true about the isotope C-12?

C-12 possesses 7 protons and 5 neutrons in its nucleus

C-12 possesses 6 protons and 6 electrons in its nucleus

C-12 possesses 7 neutrons and 5 electrons in its nucleus.

C-12 possesses 6 neutrons and 6 protons in its nucleus

C-12 possesses 6 protons and 6 electrons in its nucleus

Which of the following elements has the smallest atomic radius?

Sn

Si

C

Ge

C

Which of the following parts of the central nervous system releases chemicals that regulate the pituitary gland?

Thalamus

Spinal cord

Hypothalamus

Cerebellum

Hypothalamus

A cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. Which of the following describes the resulting osmosis?

There is a net flow of water out of the cell.

There is a net flow of water into the cell

There is no flow of water.

The net flow of water into and out of the cell is zero.

There is a net flow of water out of the cell.

Permanent damage to which of the following types of tissue in the spinal cord will cause paralysis?

Nervous tissue

Muscle tissue

Connective tissue

Bone tissue

Nervous Tissue

When an ionic salt is dissolved in water, the lons c * o_{3} ^ 2 and K ^ + are formed. Which of the following is the formula for the salt?

K2CO3-

KC*O_{3}

K_{1}*C*O_{2}

K (C*O_{3}) 2

K2CO3-

Which of the following contains a human's hereditary information?

Plasmids

ATP

Chromatin

Histones

Chromatin

If A represents atomic mass and Z represents atomic number, which of the following describes an atom after a proton is emitted from its nucleus?

A + 1 Z + 1

A+1. Z - 1

A - 1, Z - 1

A-1. Z - 1

A - 1, Z - 1

Which of the following types of cells stimulates other immune cells to attack and destroy foreign agents?

Helper T-cells

Plasma cells

Natural killer cells

Cytotoxic T-cells

Helper T-cells

Experiments cannot validate hypotheses, only falsify them. The statement above can be restated in which of the following ways?

a. Proving a hypothesis exempts it from further testing.

b. A hypothesis that has not been falsified remains provisional.

c. Certain concepts cannot be subjected to direct experimentation.

d. Until disproved, an explanation for an observation is valid.

b. A hypothesis that has not been falsified remains provisional.

Which of the following tissues lines the interior surfaces of the heart?

Endocardium

Epicardium

Myocardium

Pericardium

Endocardium

Which of the following is classified as a noninfectious disease?

Chikungunya

Psoriasis

Brucellosis

Dengue

Psoriasis

An experienced mountaineer decides to climb Mount Everest, taking the same route in the same season and with similar materials and equipment used in a fatal 1924 expedition. Which of the following is the scientific purpose of such a climb?

To measure the oxygen levels at high elevation

To identify routes that can be explored in future climbs

To show that modern technology makes climbing safer

To assess why the earlier expedition failed

To assess why the earlier expedition failed

Which of the following tools can be used to measure the turbidity of a liquid by measuring the transmission of light through the sample?

Centrifuge

Microdensitometer

Electrophorometer

Spectrophotometer

Spectrophotometer

Which of the following respiratory structures is affected by a disease that disrupts gas exchange, such as emphysema?

Alveoli

Secondary bronchi

Trachea

Primary bronchi

Alveoli

In pea plants, green pod color (G) is dominant to yellow pod color (g). A cross was done between a plant with green pods and a plant with yellow pods. Of the resulting offspring, 50% had green pods and 50% had yellow pods. Which of the following were the genotypes of both parent plants?

gg x gg

Gg x Gg

Gg x gg

GG x gg

GG x gg

Which of the following would result in an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction?

Decreasing the concentration of the reactant

Using a mortar and pestle to grind a solid reactant to a powder

Sealing the reaction in an airtight container

Adding more of the product

Using a mortar and pestle to grind a solid reactant to a powder

Object Mass Time of Fall

A5.0 g 2.0 sec

B5.0 g 1.0 sec

C 30.0 g 0.5 sec

D 35.0 g 1.5 sec

Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data?

The greater the mass of an object, the faster it will fall.

The time of fall is independent of the mass of the object.

Air resistance is greater for A than for B.

Objects A and B will fall at the same rate.

Air resistance is greater for A than for B.

A slice of apple left on a table slowly goes brown due to an enzymatic reaction. Dipping the apple slice in lemon juice prevents it from browning. Which of the following best explains this result?

Lemon juice functions to dilute the brown material.

Lemon juice functions to bleach the brown material.

Lemon juice has a pH which inactivates the enzymes.

Lemon juice has enzymes which reverse the browning reaction.

Lemon juice has a pH which inactivates the enzymes.

Which of the following is an example of a biological macromolecule?

Protein

Amino acid

Nucleic acid

Monosaccharide

Protein

Which of the following describes one difference between skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles?

a. Skeletal muscles are autorhythmic, whereas cardiac muscles are not.

b. Cardiac muscles contain intercalated discs, whereas skeletal muscles do not.

c. Skeletal muscles are found in the viscera, whereas cardiac muscles are found in the cranium.

d. Cardiac muscles are voluntary, whereas skeletal muscles are involuntary.

Cardiac muscles contain intercalated discs, whereas skeletal muscles do not.

Which of the following atoms is most likely to become a cation?

Potassium, atomic number 19

Helium, atomic number 2

Fluorine, atomic number 9

Oxygen, atomic number 8

Potassium, atomic number 19

The component of an atom that possesses relatively little mass, thus being negligible in calculating the atomic mass number, is the

Quark

Neutron

Proton

Electron

Electron

When a volcano erupts, its actions are similar to which of the following events?

A tree root pushing up through the pavement.

A building burning to the ground.

A flood eroding the banks of a stream.

A can of soda fizzing when it is opened.

A can of soda fizzing when it is opened.

Which of the following organelles is the site of intracellular digestion?

Lysosomes

Centrosomes

Ribosomes

Mitochondria

Lysosomes

Which of the following cells transfers pigment granules to adjacent epidermal cells?

Merkel cells

Langerhans cells

Keratinocytes

Melanocytes

Melanocytes

Which of the following hormones regulates blood calcium levels?

Melatonin

Growth hormone

Parathyroid hormone

Norepinephrine

Parathyroid hormone

n order to determine the effects of energy drinks on women's running speed, researchers gave 300 women an energy drink and then recorded the time it took each of them to run 2 miles. After collecting the results, researchers concluded that energy drinks increase the speed of running in women. Which of the following further tests would best help to support this conclusion?

Repeat the same experiment, using 300 men.

Repeat the experiment, giving half of the women water and the other half the energy drink.

Repeat the experiment, giving the women two different energy drinks.

Repeat the experiment, having half of the women run 2 miles and the other half run 5 miles

Repeat the experiment, giving half of the women water and the other half the energy drink.

Which of the following body systems breaks down proteins into amino acids?

Endocrine

Excretory

Digestive

Circulatory

Digestive

Which of the following is the term given to the sequence of nucleotides that contains the information to make a specific protein molecule?

Operator

Promoter

Locus

Gene

Gene

The hip is an example of which of the following type of joints?

Ball-and-socket

Pivot

Hinge

Gliding

Ball-and-socket

Which of the following nucleotides is only found in RNA?

Guanine

Thyming

Adenine

Uracil

Uracil

Which of the following pathways best represents the expected flow of blood from the human heart to an organ?

a. Blood pumped from the heart first enters arteries that then narrow to form veins that deliver blood to the organ.

b. Blood pumped from the heart first enters arteries that then narrow to form arterioles that deliver blood to capillaries of the organ.

c. Blood pumped from the heart first enters veins that then narrow to form venules that deliver

blood to arteries of the organ.

d. Blood pumped from the heart first enters arterioles that then merge to form arteries that deliver

blood to the organ,

b. Blood pumped from the heart first enters arteries that then narrow to form arterioles that deliver blood to capillaries of the organ.

Which of the following correctly orders structures from simple to complex?

Organs, tissues, cells, atoms

Cells, tissues, atoms, organs

Atoms, organs, tissues, cells

Atoms, cells, tissues, organs

Atoms, cells, tissues, organs

Which of the following structures drains oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys?

Ureter

Renal artery

Urethra

Renal vein

Renal vein

The vermiform appendix extends from the region of the large intestine known as which of the following?

Jejunum

Cecum

Ischium

Rectum

Cecum

Which of the following molecules contains the fewest covalent bonds?

Chlorine molecule (C*l_{2})

Ammonia molecule (N*H_{3})

Water molecule (H_{2}*O)

Methane molecule (C*H_{4})

Chlorine molecule (C*l_{2})

The "gray matter" of the brain is largely made up of which of the following?

Meninges

Neuron cell axons

Neuron cell bodies

Corpus collosum

Neuron cell bodies

Which of the following parts of the eukaryotic cell is responsible for making ATP?

Nucleus

Centrioles

Lysosome

Mitochondria

Mitochondria

Which of the following endocrine organs in the diagram below is involved in regulating milk production following childbirth?

Thyroid gland

Adrenal glands

Pituitary gland

Pituitary gland

In which of the following locations does fertilization of an egg cell typically occur?

Uterus

Fallopian tube

Ovary

Cervical canal

Fallopian tube

Using the equation pH =-log[H+]. a solution with a [H+]= 10 ^ - 9 M has a pH of which of the following?

10

9

5

1

9

Which of the following organs removes nitrogenous waste from the body?

Large intestine

Gall bladder

Liver

Kidneys

Kidneys

Which the following characteristics of water helps explain why coastal areas experience less dramatic temperature changes during the day than more inland areas?

Water's adhesive properties prevent evaporation.

Water forms covalent bonds with other water molecules.

Water has a high specific heat capacity.

Water is a versatile solvent

Water has a high specific heat capacity.

Which of the following demonstrates a chemical reaction of water?

Water produces gas with sodium metal.

Water boils to produce steam at 100 deg * C(212 deg * F)

Water dissolves sugar.

Water and oil separate when combined.

Water produces gas with sodium metal.

Which of the following distinguishes endocrine and exocrine glands from one another?

The biochemistry of their secretions

The effect their secretions have on the target cells

The presence or absence of nerve innervation

The presence or absence of ducts

The presence or absence of ducts

A study found two processes, Process A and Process B, to be correlated. Which of the following is true for these processes?

The study cannot indicate whether Process A and B have a negative relationship.

The study cannot indicate whether Process A and B have a positive relationship.

The study indicates that Process A causes Process B.

The study does not indicate a causal relationship between the processes

The study does not indicate a causal relationship between the processes

Escherichia coli is plated on nutrient agar plates that each contain a different type of antibiotic. The shaded area represents growth of the bacteria. Which of the following plates contains bacteria that were most resistant to the antibiotic?

A

B

C

D

B

Water molecules enter cells by which of the following transport mechanisms?

Proton pumps

Facilitated diffusion

Gated channels

Electrochemical gradients

Facilitated diffusion

Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?

a. Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system.

b. Autonomic nervous system in central nervous system.

c. Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.

d. Peripheral nervous system and somatic nervous system.

c. Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.

Which of the following substances is responsible for donating H+ ions to act as a buffer when blood pH rises?

a. Carbon dioxide.

d. Carbon monoxide.

c. Oxygen.

d. Carbonic acid.

d. Carbonic acid.

Which of the following substances protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation?

a. Keratin.

b. Sea bum.

c. Perspiration

d. Melanin

d. Melanin

Which of the following describes the function of the highlighted structure in this image?

a. It contains vocal cords essential for speech.

b. It is a tube that connects the larynx and pharynx to the lungs.

c. It transfers oxygen from the air to red blood cells.

d. It filters, warms, and moisten air as it enters the body.

a. It contains vocal cords essential for speech.

The pleura is a connective tissue sheath that covers which of the following organs?

a. Heart.

b. Liver

c. Spleen

d. Lung.

d. Lung.

In a phase diagram, which of the following is the term used for a substance held at a temperature in pressure where the solid, liquid, and gaseous states of a substance exist simultaneously?

a. Absolute zero.

b. Critical point.

c. Triple point.

d. Critical temperature.

c. Triple point.

In a certain plant red flowers are dominant over white flowers a plant heterozygous for red flowers. A plant with white flowers are crossed which of the following is the expected proportion of phenotypes in the next generation?

a. 1 red, 3 white

b. 2 red, 2 white

c. 3 red, 1 white

d. 4 red, 0 white

b. 2 red, 2 white

During which of the following days in the menstrual cycle is a woman most fertile? ( you will find hotspots to select in the artwork below. Only the hotspot that corresponds to your answer.)

LH