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When is it used?
When we want to order events chronologically in the past
The earlier action is expressed in the Past Perfect Compound.
Used in the same way as the Past Perfect in English.
Formation: subject + imperfect indicative of ter + past participle of the main verb
Eu tinha comprado (NOT continuous) - I had bought
Eu tinha-o comprado - I had bought it
Eu não o tinha comprado - I hadn’t bought it
Eu já o tinha comprado - I hadn’t bought it yet
Past Participles
Some verbs have a double past participle
A regular form is used with the auxiliary verb ter (compound tenses); e.g. Ela tem sempre aceitado as minhas sugestões
An irregular form is used with the auxiliary verbs estar and ser (passive voice); e.g. Elas foram expulsas por mau comportamento
Verbos Abundantes
Various verbs with two past participle
Verbos Abundantes: entregar
entregado
entregue
Verbos Abundantes: aceitar
acietado
aceite
Verbos Abundantes: acender
acendido
aceso
Verbos Abundantes: prender
prendido
preso
Verbos Abundantes: salvar
salvado
salvo
Verbos Abundantes: romper
Rompido
Roto
Verbos Abundantes: eleger
elegido
eleito
Verbos Abundantes: matar
matado
morto
Verbos Abundantes: morrer
morrido
morto
Verbos Abundantes: pagar
pagado
pago
Verbos Abundantes: gastar
gastado
gasto
Verbos Abundantes: secar
secado/seco
Verbos Abundantes: enxugar
enxugado
enxuto
Verbos Abundantes: expulsar
expulsado
expulso
Verbos Abundantes: limpar
limpado
limpo
Long “Verbo Abundante”
Eu tenho limpado a casa todos os sábados
Past participle never changes
Short “Verbo Abundante”
A casa foi limpo no sábado; a casa ainda está limpa
Past participle changes/agrees