Ideal Gas Laws

Avogadro’s Law

Equal volume of gases at same conditions of temp and pressure contain equal number of particles

V proportional to n

Volume of gas at STP

22.7 mol dm^-3

Boyles law

Pressure is proportional to the inverse of volume

• when p is greater, v is smaller

• when v is greater, p is smaller

Charles law

Volume proportional to temp

as one goes up so does the other

Gay-lussac’s law

pressure proportional to temp

• as temp increases so does pressure

Combined gas lwas

PV/T = a constant (related to number of molecules)

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

What is R

Universal gas constant

8.31 J K-1 mol-1

Formula with R

PV/T = n x R

Assumptions of an ideal gas

• volume of gas particles is negligible

• No attractive forces between particles, except when they collide

• Gas particles have a range of speeds - Average kinetic energy is proportional to temp

• Collisions of particles with wall are elastic (energy conserved)

At low temp

Less kinetic energy, more attraction between particles (closer to being a liquid)

at high pressure

Volume is low

space between particles is reduced

attraction between particles increases