Bones

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of bones in the body

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34 Terms
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of bones in the body

206

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weight of the skeletal system

20 lbs

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functions of skeletal system

-provides the framework/support of the body -produces blood cells -provides protection for the organs -helps us breathe -stores minerals

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production of blood cells

hematopoiesis

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minerals that bones store

calcium and phosphorus

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osteocytes

mature bone cells

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% of bone weight that comes from mineral content

60-70

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% of bone weight that comes from collagen and water

30-40

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collagen

a protein that makes bones flexible

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reason children's bones are more flexible than adults

they have a higher collagen and water levels

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shapes of bones

-long bones -short bones -flat bones -irregular bones

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long bones

longer than they are wide

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examples of long bones

arms and legs

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short bones

cube shaped; made mostly of trabecular bone

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examples of short bones

wrist and ankles

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flat bones

flat or curved, or platelike

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examples of flat bones

sternum, skull, and ribs

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irregular bones

fit together like a jigsaw puzzle

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examples of irregular bones

vertebrae and hips

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types of bone tissue

cortical and trabecular

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cortical bone

-dense -outer layer of the bone (hard, protective) -higher mineral content stronger than trabecular bone

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trabecular bone

-spongy bone -porous -makes up the interior bone -more flexible than cortical -makes bone lighter in weight

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periosteum

outer covering of the bone

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epiphysis

ends of the bone

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diaphysis

middle part of the bone (shaft)

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epiphyseal plate

growth plate

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medullary cavity

hollow area in diapysis

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endosteum

lines the medullary cavity

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parts of periosteum

-blood vessels -lymph vessels -nerves

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parts of epiphysis

-trabecular bone tissue -filled with red marrow -covered with articular cartilage

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yellow marrow in an emergency

converts to red bone marrow to help in RBC production

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parts of diaphysis

is hollow

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parts of medullary cavity

-filled with yellow bone marrow -blood vessels -stores fat

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function of epiphyseal plate

bone fuses together when you are done growing

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