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Abstraction
reducing complexity by focusing on the essential features of a system while hiding irrelevant details. It simplifies design and implementation.
Hiearchisation
Organizing system elements into ranked levels (e.g., tree-like or net-like structures)
Advantages: Improved structure, reduced complexity.
Disadvantage: Limited flexibility in rigid hierarchies.
Modularisation
is a design principle that breaks a system into smaller, manageable parts called modules, each of which can be developed and tested independently. This enhances maintainability, scalability, and reusability.
Example: Separating UI, logic, and data layers.
4. Information Hiding
Definition: Restricting access to a module’s internal details, exposing only necessary interfaces.
Benefit: Allows internal changes without affecting other components.
5. Locality Principle
Definition: Keeping related code/data close for readability and performance.
Types: Code, data, module, and information locality.
Example: Grouping functions that operate on the same data.