Periods 1-5 apush study

Bartolome de las Casas

Spanish religious figure who questioned the treatment of Native Americans.

Encomienda System

Spanish colonial system used to regulate and control the lives of Native Americans.

Columbian Exchange

Exchange of ideas, plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the New World.

Anne Hutchinson

17th-century woman who preached that God communicated directly to individuals and was banished from her colony.

Navigation Acts

Series of acts passed by the Mother Country to regulate trade for the 13 American colonies.

Bacon's Rebellion

1670s event in Virginia that led to an increased reliance on slave labor.

Mercantilism

Economic philosophy guiding Britain in the 17th and 18th centuries, viewing colonies as existing only to benefit the Mother Country.

Salutary Neglect

Period from 1607-1763 when the Mother Country did not strictly enforce the Navigation Acts upon the American colonies.

First Great Awakening

Religious revival leading to renewed individualism, religion, and the birth of American culture.

Triangular Trade

Three-way system of trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

Albany Plan

First attempt to unify the colonies.

Proclamation Act of 1763

Act that ended the era of salutary neglect and changed the relationship between Great Britain and the 13 colonies.

Federalists

Supported a strong central government.

Anti-Federalists

Feared the government having too much power.

Washington's Farewell Address

Warned against permanent foreign alliances and political parties.

Alien & Sedition Acts

Limited civil liberties during the Adams administration.

Election of 1800

Considered a revolution due to the peaceful transfer of power and a return to the ideals of the revolution.

Embargo Act

Passed during the Jefferson administration to outlaw trade with Britain and France.

Market Revolution

Period following the War of 1812, characterized by industrialization and wage labor.

Clay's American System

High tariffs, internal improvements, and a National Bank.

Trail of Tears

Forced removal of Native Americans from the Southeast to the Oklahoma Territory.

Monroe Doctrine

U.S. foreign policy warning European nations to refrain from further colonization while pledging to stay out of European affairs.

Second Great Awakening

Religious movement sparking various reform efforts.

Missouri Compromise

Congressional compromise creating a geographical marker for slavery.

Popular Sovereignty

Principle where people of a region decide on the slavery issue.

Seneca Falls Convention

Event signifying the beginning of the Women's Rights Movement.

Manifest Destiny

Theory that the U.S. had the divine right to expand westward.

Compromise of 1850

Congressional compromise passed after the discovery of gold in California to appease both the North and South.

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Pre-Civil War Supreme Court case determining African Americans were not citizens and could not sue for their freedom.

13th Amendment

Abolished slavery.

14th Amendment

Protected citizen rights for formerly enslaved people.

15th Amendment

Ensured voting rights regardless of race.

Compromise of 1877

Event signifying the end of Reconstruction.