AP literally

genre

type or kind of literature

lyric poetry

a short poem that expresses  feelings in an intensely personal manner

pastoral or idyll

a lyric poem that idealizes simple, rural life, especially that of a shepherd and shepherdess

elegy

a mournful, melancholy lyric poem, especially a funeral song or lament for the dead.

ode

A long, elaborate poem of varying line lengths and intricate rhyme schemes dealing with a serious subject matter and treating it reverently.

ballad

narrative poem, often of folk origin and intended to be sung, consisting of simple stanzas and usually having a refrain.

free verse

verse composed of variable, usually unrhymed lines having no fixed metrical pattern

iambic pentameter

most common line form in poetry of 5 stressed syllables

sonnet

a 14-line lyric poem written with a particular rhyme scheme and in iambic pentameter that develops only one subject.

sonnet

shakespearean or English - ababcdcdefef//gg

petrarchan or italian - abbaabba//cdecde  or abbaabba//cddcee

blank verse

unrhymed iambic pentameter

heroic couplet

two rhyming iambic pentameter lines in a row

prose

writing done in the style of ordinary speech and writing

diction

an author’s choice of words

 The author uses powerful (——) with (positive/negative) word choice to develop his meaning that

framework

the situation and point of view of a literary work

a story within a story that has one narrator for the outside story (the ——-) and another narrator for the inside story (the narrative).

satire

literature that holds up to ridicule the vices and follies of mankind.

horatian - amusing, tolerant, making gentle fun

juvenalian - nasty, angry, mocking, meant to shame

end-stopped line

a poetic  line that through punctuation is brought to a pause at the end of a verse line

enjambment

the running over of a line into the next line without a pause at the end of the line.

ceasura

a pause, usually in the middle of a verse line, in a line of poetry