Biology 2.4 Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

Define Chemical Reaction

A reaction that changes one set of chemicals into another

Define Reactant

The elements or compounds that engage in a chemical reaction

Define Product

The elements or Compounds produced by a chemical reaction

The Law of Conservation of Mass

Matter cannot be created nor destroyed only transformed 

The Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transferred

Define Activation Energy

The amount of energy that a reaction needs to get started

What type of chemical reaction occurs on its own

Chemical Reactions that absorb energy

What type of chemical reactions occur spontaneously 

Chemical Reactions that release energy 

What is a catalyst

A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction (enzymes are biological catalysts)

What do enzymes do to speed up chemical reactions

Lower activation energy and speed up chemical reactions

What are 6 factors that affect enzyme activity 

Enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, pH, salinity, temperature, co-factors 

What does Lactase breakdown

Lactose

What does Sucrase breakdown

Sucrose

What does Amylase breakdown

Carbs, starches, sugars

What does protase breakdown

Proteins

What does Lipase breakdown

Fat