Early Republic

Who were 2 leaders of the Federalist party?

Alexander Hamilton and John Jay

Who were 2 leaders of the Democratic Republican party?

Thomas Jefferson and James Madison

Which regions of the country supported the Federalist party?

Northern states and eastern regions

Which regions of the country supported the Democratic Republican party?

Southern states and western regions

Did the Federalist party support a strong, powerful central government?

Yes, the believed a strong central government was necessary to unify the states and address national problems.

Did the Democratic Republican party support a strong, powerful central government?

No, they believed that a strong central government was too similar to the British monarchy and had the potential to become dangerously powerful and would take away the people’s voice.

What type of economy did the Federalist party support?  Manufacturing or Agricultural?

The Federalists wanted to increase manufacturing in the US – this would strengthen the economy, provide jobs, and increase investment opportunities.

What type of economy did the Democratic Republican party support?  Manufacturing or Agricultural?

The Democratic Republicans supported an agricultural economy.  They disagreed with expanding American manufacturing because they believed that benefitted northern businessmen and would only strengthen the northern economy.

Did the Federalist party support the assumption of state debts?  Why or why not?

Yes, Hamilton believed that the assumption plan would create unity and loyalty to the federal government.

Did the Democratic Republican party support the assumption of state debts?  Why or why not?

They did not support the assumption plan because southern states had already paid off their Revolutionary War debt and thought the assumption plan solely benefitted northern states.

Did the Federalist party support or oppose the whiskey tax?  Why or why not?

They supported the whiskey tax as a way for the federal government to gain revenue to pay off the expanded national debt.

Did the Democratic Republican party support or oppose the whiskey tax?  Why or why not?

They were against the tax because they believed it targeted western farmers who relied to whiskey as part of their income.

Did the Federalist party support or oppose the whiskey tax?  Why or why not?

They supported the whiskey tax as a way for the federal government to gain revenue to pay off the expanded national debt.

Did the Democratic Republican party support or oppose the whiskey tax?  Why or why not?

They were against the tax because they believed it targeted western farmers who relied to whiskey as part of their income.

Did the Federalist party support or oppose the tariff?  Why or why not?

Supported the tax on imports in order to help grow America’s manufacturing economy and to protect American businesses.  This would make foreign goods more expensive and force consumers to buy American made products.

Did the Democratic Republican party support or oppose the tariff?  Why or why not?

They were against the tax on imports because they believed that the tariff would directly benefit the northern economy and would concentrate more wealth in the north.

Did the Federalist party support Washington’s response to the Whiskey Rebellion?  Why or why not?

Supported Washington’s show of force against the whiskey rebels to send a message to the country – that the Constitution gives the federal government the power of enforce its laws that were constitutionally and properly passed by Congress.

Did the Democratic Republican party support Washington’s response to the Whiskey Rebellion?  Why or why not?

They were against Washington’s use of force as they believed it was a sign of an all powerful growing federal government.  They believed it was the right of the people to protest under the 1^st amendment as the tax was unfair to western farmers.

Did the Federalist party support of oppose Washington’s Proclamation of Neutrality?  Why or why not?

Supported neutrality as the country to not afford to involve itself in a European war.  They did not want to help France overthrow the monarchy and fight against Britain because they wanted to keep trading with Britain and other monarchies in Europe.

Did the Democratic Republican party support of oppose Washington’s Proclamation of Neutrality?  Why or why not?

Against neutrality.  The Democratic Republicans wanted to aid France and assist the French people to overthrow the monarchy and establish a Republic.  They also wanted to help France fight against England.

Did the Federalist party support or oppose the Jay Treaty?  Why or why not?

Supported the Jay Treaty as it kept the US at peace with Britain, resulted in Britain’s evacuation of northwestern forts, and expanded trade between the two countries.

Did the Democratic Republican party support or oppose the Jay Treaty?  Why or why not?

Against the treaty because it benefited northern businesses such as the shipping industry and investors and did not directly benefit southern farmers.  Also, the treaty failed to address Indians attacking frontier settlers and failed to get slave owners money for their slaves that ran away and joined the British army during the Revolutionary War.

What was the Assumption Plan?

proposed that the federal government would assume the debts of the states

What deal was struck to pass the Assumption Plan?

Hamilton promised to support locating the national capital on the banks of the Potomac River, which is the border between the southern states of Virginia and Maryland

What were Hamilton’s plans to gain revenue for the country?

He wanted to create a national bank, which would collect taxes, hold government funds, and make loans to the government and borrowers

What was the controversy over the creation of the National Bank and the Constitution?

It was criticized as unrepublican, and was thought that it would encourage speculation and corruption. It was also opposed on constitutional grounds since the Constitution did not specifically give Congress the power to create a bank

What caused the Whiskey Rebellion?

Congress passed a tax on whiskey to help pay off the nation’s debt

What was the result of the Whiskey Rebellion?

About 7,000 western Pennsylvanians marched to Pittsburgh to stop the collection of the tax. Washington sent a force of 15,000 militiamen to set a precedent that the Federal government would uphold laws enacted by Congress. The rebellion fell when they heard of the size of the force

What caused the Jay Treaty?

Britain had refused to evacuate forts in the Northwest territory for the past decade, which allowed them to monopolize the fur trade. Frontier settlers believed that the British were selling firearms to the Indians and incited uprisings against white settlers. British warships also stopped 300 American ships carrying food supplies to France, and forced sailors suspected of deserting from British ships to serve in the Navy.

What was the result of the Jay Treaty?

Britain agreed to evacuate its forts on American soil and to stop harassing American ships as long as they weren’t carrying supplies to Britain’s enemies. They also agreed to pay for the damages for the ships they seized and permitted the US to trade with India and carry on restricted trade with the British West Indies.

What were 4 pieces of advice that Washington gave in his Farewell Address?

growth of partisan divisions, avoid a permanent alliance with other countries, geographical sectionalism, and interference with foreign powers in domestic affairs

What was the controversy over President Adams’ appointments of “midnight judges”?

When Adams’ was leaving office, he filled empty court seats with Federalist judges at the last minute. This angered Jefferson because he felt he had the right to appoint Democratic Republican judges

Who won the Election of 1800?

Thomas Jefferson

Why was the Election of 1800 significant?

It was the first peaceful transfer of power the country experienced

Why was the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison significant?

It established the Supreme Court’s power of Judicial review, which enabled courts to decide whether laws passed by Congress are constitutional

What was the goal of the Louis and Clark Expedition?

To search for river routes to the western ocean, make contact with Native Americans living in the territory, and gather information of the region’s natural resources.

How did the United States gain the Louisiana Purchase?

Napoleon wanted to sell all of the French claims in North America after he failed to crush a slave rebellion on the island of Haiti. Monroe and Livingston offered $15 million in hopes that Congress would support it, and they did

What was the cause of the Embargo Act?

French and British warships were harassing American merchant ships, so congress passed the Embargo banning all trade with foreign countries

What was the impact of the Embargo Act?

Caused Americans to start smuggling goods to make a living, didn’t impact the British and French economies

What were the causes of the War of 1812?

Britain wasn’t respecting American sovereignty when they passed a law to require American ships to dock in Britain before trading with England, impressment of American sailors, Indian attacks in the west, and wanting Canada

What were the impacts of the War of 1812?

Britain and America weren’t heavily affected and things returned to normal between them. Native Americans were heavily affected, they had a significant amount of casualties and lost lots of land

Why was there opposition to the War of 1812?

New Englanders opposed the war because it would leave them heavily affected financially

Why is the War of 1812 called America’s Second War for Independence?

It was a test to solidify American sovereignty against Great Britain