Med Bio Ch.7.2 pg.1

Cell

The most basic level of organization in living things.

Cell Membrane

Encloses all cells and controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell.

Prokaryotic Cells

Cells that do not have a nucleus; examples include bacteria, cyanobacteria, and mycoplasma.

Eukaryotic Cells

Cells that have a nucleus; examples include plant and animal cells.

Nucleus

Stores DNA and contains chromatin, nucleolus, and a nuclear membrane.

Nucleolus

A small region in the nucleus that contains ribosome precursors and rRNA for protein synthesis.

Nuclear Membrane

The membrane surrounding the nucleus, containing pores that allow certain molecules to pass between the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

An interconnected network of thin, folded membranes that fills a large portion of the cytoplasm.

The basic unit of life is the ________.

Cell

The ________ is the outer layer of a cell that controls what enters and exits the cell.

Cell Membrane

Organisms without a nucleus are classified as ________ cells.

Prokaryotic

Plant and animal cells are examples of ________ cells.

Eukaryotic

The ________ is the control center of the cell, storing DNA.

Nucleus

Ribosome precursors are produced in the ________.

Nucleolus

The ________ separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.

Nuclear Membrane

The ________ is involved in the protein and lipid synthesis within a cell.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

The jelly-like substance inside the cell is called ________.

Cytoplasm

________ are small structures that perform specific functions inside a cell.

Organelles

What is the function of ribosomes?

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.

What is the role of mitochondria?

Mitochondria provide energy for the cell through ATP production.

What are lysosomes?

Lysosomes are organelles that contain enzymes for breaking down waste materials.

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion.

What is chloroplast's primary function?

Chloroplasts convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis in plant cells.

What does the cytoskeleton do?

The cytoskeleton provides structural support and shape to the cell.

What is the purpose of vacuoles?

Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and help maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

What is the function of centrioles?

Centrioles are involved in cell division and the formation of cilia and flagella.

What is the primary role of cell wall?

The cell wall provides protection and structure to plant cells.

What is the purpose of the plasma membrane?

The plasma membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.