AP Gov key terms unit 3

Federalism

Power divided between national and state governments.

Federal system

National and state governments share power.

Enumerated powers

powers explicitly granted to the national government in consitution

Exclusive power

Powers only the national government can use.

Implied powers

Powers not listed but needed to carry out expressed ones.

Commerce clause

Congress can regulate interstate trade.

Elastic clause

Lets Congress pass laws to carry out its powers.

Supremacy clause

Federal law is the highest law.

10th Amendment

Powers not given to the U.S. go to the states or people.

Reserved powers

State or people’s powers not given to the U.S.

Concurrent powers

Powers shared by federal and state governments.

Full faith and credit clause

States must honor each other’s laws and records.

Privileges and immunities clause

States can’t discriminate against outsiders.

13th Amendment

Ended slavery.

14th Amendment

Made all U.S.-born people citizens.

15th Amendment

Gave Black men the right to vote.

Dual federalism

State and national governments operate separately.

Selective incorporation

Bill of Rights applied to states case by case.

Cooperative federalism

Federal and state governments work together.

Categorical grants

Federal money with strict rules on use.

Unfunded mandates

Federal rules with no funding given.

Block grant

Federal money with more state control.

Revenue sharing

Federal tax money given to states freely.

Devolution

Shifting power back to states.