Plant Structure

What are the parts of an angiosperm flower?

Sepals, petals, stamen, and carpel.

What does the carpel contain?

Stigma, style, and ovary.

What is the function of the stamen?

The male part of the flower, which includes the filament and anther.

What is the role of the stigma?

The sticky area where pollen is received.

What is the purpose of the ovary in angiosperms?

It contains the ovule(s).

What is double fertilization in angiosperms?

Two sperm are discharged; one fertilizes the egg and the other fertilizes the central cell to become the triploid endosperm.

What can the ovule mature into following fertilization?

A seed.

How do monocots differ from dicots?

Monocots have one cotyledon while dicots have two.

What is coevolution in the context of angiosperms?

The process through which angiosperms and their pollinators develop specificity to ensure successful pollen transfer.

What are the two types of root systems in plants?

Taproot and fibrous roots.

What is the function of root hairs?

To increase surface area for absorption.

What are the main functions of stems?

To separate leaves and allow them to get sunlight.

What tissues protect the plant's outer layer?

Dermal tissue, including the epidermis and periderm.

What are the two types of vascular tissue and their functions?

Xylem (conducts water) and phloem (conducts sugar).

What is the role of meristems in plants?

Responsible for growth, allowing for both primary and secondary growth.

What controls the opening and closing of stomata?

Guard cells regulate the water flow to open and close the stomata.

What is secondary growth in plants?

It increases the diameter of stems and roots, adding secondary xylem and phloem.

What happens to vascular cambium in winter?

It becomes inactive, resulting in growth rings.