Research Methods and Social Issues

Flashcards covering key concepts related to research methods and the analysis of social issues.

Dependent Variables

Variables that are measured or affected in an experiment.

Independent Variables

Variables that are manipulated to observe their effect on dependent variables.

Experimental Research

Research that establishes causality by observing differences between at least two groups.

Control Group

A group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment or intervention.

Treatment Group

A group in an experiment that receives the treatment or intervention.

Quantitative Research

Research involving measurable variables typically analyzed using statistical methods.

Qualitative Research

Research focusing on non-numerical data, such as interviews and texts.

Good Evidence

Evidence that is consistent with theory, uses multiple measures, and shows similar data types.

Bad Evidence

Evidence that is indirect, relies on single measures, or conflicts with established theories.

Conspiracy Theories

Explanations for events involving secret plots by powerful groups, often reflecting human desires for meaning.

Epistemic Reasons

Reasons related to knowledge that explain why people believe conspiracy theories.

Existential Motives

Human desires to find causal explanations for events to feel secure and in control.

Implicit Bias

A form of bias that occurs automatically and affects judgment and behavior.

Subjective Information

Information that varies based on personal perspectives.

Objective Information

Factual information that is not influenced by personal feelings.

Social Issues

Problems in society that may not be resolved due to power dynamics and vested interests.

Analytical Approach to Conspiracy Theories

Assessing the logical gaps, competing hypotheses, and who benefits from the conspiracy.