The Scientific Method, Hypotheses, Theories, and Laws

Vocabulary flashcards defining core concepts of the scientific method, the distinctions between hypotheses, theories, and laws, and relevant historical examples.

Hypothesis

An initial explanation for an observed fact or facts, based on observation and evidence, that is to be tested and revised through experimentation.

Scientific Theory

A widely accepted explanation that explains and predicts many different observations linked by the same underlying phenomena, describing why a phenomenon occurs.

Scientific Law

A statement describing a phenomenon without offering an explanation, telling what occurs.

Law of Conservation of Mass

A scientific law stating that in any chemical reaction or physical change, the total mass present after the change is equal to the total mass present before the change.

Lavoisier

The scientist who discovered the law of conservation of mass in $1785$.

Dalton's Atomic Theory

The theory proposed in $1803$ that provided the explanation for the law of conservation of mass.

Emergent Properties

Properties produced when atoms and molecules interact that are different than the sum of the reactants.

Scientific Method

A approach to experimental science involving steps such as observation, hypothesis formation, experimentation, and data analysis.