M2-5-Orbit and ear

Cornea + sclera makes up the

Fibrous layer of the eyeball

The Iris contains

smooth muscles that alter size of pupil

palpebral fissure

opening of eyelids

Ciliary glands

infection in this area results in a sty

Anteroposterior axis

coronal plane movement

Conjunctiva

Transparent mucous membrane

Superior and inferior conjunctival fornix is at the site of

reflection between bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva

Bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva are continous, and form a ____ when eye is closed

conjuctiva sac

Lacrimal fluid is secreted by:

Lacrimal gland

Where does lacrimal fluid flow into

Into the superior conjunctival fornix, and is swept towards the lacrimal puncta by blinking

Where does lacrimal fluid drain into

Inferior meatus of the nasal cavity via the nasolacrimal duct

Levator palpebrae superioris

Inserts into subcutaneous tissue of upper lid and superior tarsal plate. Innervated by CN III

Superior tarsal muscle

Inferonasal slip of levator palpebrae superioris is made up of smooth muscle. Innervated by sympathetic IML of T1

Striated extraocular muscles other than ___ ____ originate fromthe apex of the orbit

Inferior oblique

All of the rectus muscles originate from the:

common tendinous ring

Incycloduction

tiling of eyeball towards the midline

Excycloduction

tilting of eyeball laterally

What eye muscles are innervated by CN III

Levator palpebrae superioris, superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique

What eye muscle is innervated by CN IV

Superior oblique

What eye muscle is innervated by CN VI

Lateral rectus

Define A

Trochlear n.

Define B

Optic n

Define C

Supratrochlear n

Define D

Supraorbital n

Define E

Lacrimal gland

Define F

Lacrimal n

Define G

Frontal n

Define H

Ophthalmic n

Innervation of the lacrimal gland

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers CN VII, synapse on postgangl;ionic parasympathetic cell bodies in pterygopalatine ganglion suspended from maxillary n, hitchhike on branches of V2 and V1 via lacrimal n

Sphincter pupillae action

decreases pupil diameter, andthus limits light reaching the retina

Sphincter pupillae innervation

parasympathetic (preganglionic originate in CN III, synapse in ciliary ganglion, postganglionics in short ciliary n)

Dilator pupillae action

Increase pupil diameter, and this increases light reaching the retina

Dilator pupillae innervation

Sympathetic (preganglionic arise in T1 IML & synapse in superior cervival ganglion; postganglinoics hitchhike on long ciliary n)

Ciliary muscle action

reduces tension on zonular fibers that suspend the lens in the eye, allowing lens to rebound to a more rebounded shape

Ciliary muscle innervation

parasympathetic (preganglionic carried in CN II and synapse in ciliary ganglion; postganglioic carried by short ciliary nerves)

Define A

Supratrochlear artery

Define B

Ophthalmic artery

Define C

Supraorbital artery

Define E

Lacrimal artery

Senses of hearing

sound waves vibrate tympanic membrane, vibration transfers through middle ear ossicles resulting in vibration at oval window by stapes, then pressure waves are created within cochlea

Semicircular duct detects

angular acceleration in different plane

Utricle and saccule detect

linear acceleration and orientation of head in space

Greater petrosal nerve Carries

preganglionic parasympathetics for lacrimal gland (and other visceral structures)