Translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

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8 Terms

1
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Describe location of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Both are cytoplasmic, but prokaryotic is coupled with transcription

2
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Describe coupling of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes - coupled

Eukaryotes - spatially separated

3
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Describe mRNA of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Pro: Polycistronic

Euk: monocistronic

4
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Describe ribosomes of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Pro: 30S and 50S = 70S

Euk: 40S and 60S = 80S

5
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Describe the initiator tRNA of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Pro: brings f-met

Euk: brings met

6
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Describe initiation factors of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Pro: IF1, IF2, IF3

Euk: eIF1, eIF2, eIF3

7
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Describe PTMs of mRNA of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Pro: lacks PTMs

Euk: 5’capping, splicing, 3’ polyatail

8
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Compare the aims of translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Prokaryotes: emphasise speed and coupling to allow rapid replication rates

Eukaryottes: emphasise regulation and processing.

Differences allow prokaryotes to rapidly adapt to environmental changes and allow eukaryotes to finely control gene expression during development and in response to signals