NCLEX Nursing Fundamentals 1-6

What concept is demonstrated when a nurse uses current research findings, clinical expertise, and the client's preferences when deciding how to provide care?

Evidence-based practice

A client does not understand why their provider wants them to have a procedure. What nursing action best demonstrates the role of patient advocate?

Help the client obtain additional information so they can make an informed decision

What action best demonstrates nursing autonomy?

Initiating an independent nursing intervention within the nurse's scope of practice

What is the first step of the nursing process?

Collect and analyze client data

Which phase of the nursing process evaluates whether a client's blood pressure has improved after nursing interventions?

Evaluation

According to Benner's model, what level describes a nursing student who encounters a clinical situation they have never experienced before and requires guidance?

Novice

According to Benner's model, what stage describes a nurse who has practiced in the same clinical position for several years and recognizes situations as a whole?

Proficient

Which nursing action best demonstrates the educator role?

Teaching a client how to perform wound care at home

Which nursing role involves helping clients maintain or regain health and achieve the highest level of independence possible?

Caregiver

What professional concept is demonstrated when a nurse accepts responsibility for the quality of nursing care provided?

Accountability

Which organization is primarily responsible for promoting high standards of nursing practice and professional advancement?

ANA

Who is considered the founder of modern professional nursing?

Florence Nightingale

What concept did Florence Nightingale's work during the Crimean War demonstrate the importance of?

Environmental conditions and sanitation

What condition involves emotional exhaustion and secondary traumatic stress after repeatedly caring for clients who have experienced severe trauma?

Compassion fatigue

What is an example of a sentinel event?

An unexpected event resulting in serious injury

What are the four components of the nursing metaparadigm?

Person/client, Environment, Health, and Nursing

Which clients may be considered part of a vulnerable population?

Individuals living in poverty, older adults, individuals with disabilities, and individuals experiencing homelessness

What factors may be considered social determinants of health?

Access to health care, socioeconomic conditions, social support, public safety, and residential conditions

What actions demonstrate the nurse functioning as a client advocate?

Helping a client understand treatment options, finding an interpreter, protecting the client's privacy, and helping the client exercise legal rights

What are examples of advanced practice registered nurses?

Nurse practitioner, certified registered nurse anesthetist, certified nurse-midwife, and clinical nurse specialist

Does evidence-based practice combine the best available evidence with clinical expertise and client preferences?

True

Does accountability mean that a nurse is responsible professionally and legally for the nursing care they provide?

True

Does the nursing process begin with implementation?

False

Can an expert nurse recognize clinical situations intuitively because of extensive experience?

True

Should a nurse make healthcare decisions for a competent client when the nurse disagrees with the client's decision?

False

Do health disparities refer to differences in disease burden and health outcomes among specific population groups?

True

Does community health nursing focus only on treating individual clients after they become ill?

False

Can compassion fatigue involve both burnout and secondary traumatic stress?

True

What is the second step of the nursing process: assessment, ____, planning, implementation, and evaluation?

Diagnosis

The nurse who protects a client's human and legal rights is acting as a client ____.

Advocate

Which nursing theorist developed the 14 fundamental needs?

Virginia Henderson

Which theorist is associated with interpersonal relationships between the nurse and client?

Hildegard Peplau

Florence Nightingale is often referred to as the ____ of modern nursing.

Founder

What are the five stages of Benner's model and their descriptions?

Novice → no experience; Advanced Beginner → recognizes aspects of a real situation; Competent → experience in the same clinical position and demonstrates conscious planning; Proficient → holistic understanding of the client; Expert → intuitive grasp of clinical situations

What are the nursing roles and their corresponding actions?

Educator → teaches the client; Advocate → protects client rights; Caregiver → helps the client regain independence; Manager → coordinates activities; Communicator → establishes effective nurse-client relationships

What are the five nursing-process steps and their descriptions?

Assessment → collects client information; Diagnosis → identifies client problems; Planning → establishes goals and expected outcomes; Implementation → carries out nursing interventions; Evaluation → determines whether goals were achieved

A client refuses a recommended treatment because of personal beliefs. What should the nurse do?

Respect the client's right to make their own healthcare decision

A client's culture influences how they communicate about illness. What demonstrates culturally responsive care?

Ask the client about their individual health beliefs and preferences

What should a nurse determine when reviewing a research article before changing a nursing intervention?

Whether the evidence is credible and applicable to the client population

A neighborhood has limited healthcare access, high poverty, and limited transportation. What concept does this represent?

Health disparity

What should a nurse do when caring for a client who has difficulty understanding English?

Obtain an appropriate qualified interpreter

What professional role is demonstrated when a nurse works with an interdisciplinary healthcare team to coordinate services?

Manager

What should a nurse do when an intervention does not produce the expected outcome?

Reassess the client and determine whether the plan needs modification

A client repeatedly refuses treatment because they do not understand what it is for. What is the most likely concept, appropriate actions, and findings to monitor?

Lack of informed understanding; provide information appropriate to the client's level of understanding and determine what information the client needs; monitor the client's understanding and ability to explain the treatment in their own words

A nurse becomes emotionally exhausted after caring for a client with repeated traumatic experiences. What is the most likely concept, appropriate actions, and findings to monitor?

Compassion fatigue; recognize signs of emotional exhaustion and seek appropriate support/resources; monitor emotional exhaustion and secondary traumatic stress

A client has limited income, no transportation, and difficulty accessing healthcare. What is the most likely issue, appropriate actions, and factors to assess?

Social determinants of health; identify community resources and connect the client with appropriate support services; assess access to healthcare and socioeconomic conditions

Why is the nursing process important?

It provides a systematic framework for individualized client care

What statement demonstrates correct understanding of accountability?

I am responsible for the nursing care I provide

What action best demonstrates critical thinking when caring for several clients?

Use assessment findings, scientific knowledge, and clinical experience to determine the appropriate intervention

What intervention would best improve the health of an entire community?

Develop a community disease-prevention program