Lab 4: Angiosperms

Phylum Anthrophyta

Phylum Anthrophyta

Flowering plants

Monocot

1 cotyledon

Eudicot

Lower classification of Angiosperms, largest group, contain edible groups and ornamental flowers

Pistil

Term referring to one carpel or multiple carpels fused together

Carpel

Ovule bearing organ of flowering plants

Stigma

Sticky part of the carpal, captures pollen

Style

Stalk of the carpal

Stamen

Pollen producing organ of flowering plants

Sepals

Floral organ that helps to enclose and protect the flower bud before it opens; sterile

Corolla

a collection of petals that strongly displays colour and encircles the stamen and carpel

Petals

Colorful part of flower that attracts pollinators, sterile

Androecium

A collective term for stamens

Gynoecium

the female part of a flower, consisting of one or more carpels

Complete

calyx + corolla + androecium + \n gynoecium

Incomplete

one or more whorls absent

Perfect

has both androecium and gynoecium

Imperfect

missing either androecium or \n gynoecium

Connation

fusing within a whorl

Adnation

fusing between whorls

Radial

Symmetry where a line can be drawn anywhere and each side is the same

Bilateral

Symmetry where a line can be drawn down the middle and both sides are the same

Pericarp

Part of the fruit that is formed from the wall of the ovary

Exocarp

Division of the pericarp; outer wall, skin

Mesocarp

Division of the pericarp; center wall, flesh

Endocarp

Division of pericarp; inner wall, close to seed

Accessory Tissue

material outside of ovary is included; \n includes material derived from receptacle \n and/or floral tube

Simple

Fruit derived from one pistil

Aggregate

Fruit from separate carpels on one flower

Multiple

One fruit from multiple flowers

Fleshy

consisting largely of soft succulent tissue

Dry

the pericarp is not succulent or pulpy

Embryo Sac

mature female gametophyte

Antipodals

three haploid cells located in the embryo sac

Polar nuclei

Two nuclei that migrate to the center of the embryo sac and fuse with a male nucleus (sperm) to form the primary endosperm nucleus which divides and sometimes forms the endosperm

Double fertiliztion

one sperm fertilizes the egg to make zygote; other fertilizes polar bodies to make 3N endosperm

Triploid endosperm

a tissue produced inside the seeds of most of the flowering plants following double fertilization

Strawberry

Aggregate, dry, accessory