Key Structures and Functions of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/15

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

16 Terms

1
New cards

Nucleoid

Region containing DNA in prokaryotic cells, not membrane-bound.

<p>Region containing DNA in prokaryotic cells, not membrane-bound.</p>
2
New cards

Pili

Hair-like structures that help bacteria attach to surfaces and transfer DNA.

<p>Hair-like structures that help bacteria attach to surfaces and transfer DNA.</p>
3
New cards

Capsule

Protective outer layer that helps bacteria evade immune systems and adhere to surfaces.

<p>Protective outer layer that helps bacteria evade immune systems and adhere to surfaces.</p>
4
New cards

Cell Wall

Provides structural support and protection; made of peptidoglycan in bacteria.

<p>Provides structural support and protection; made of peptidoglycan in bacteria.</p>
5
New cards

Cytoplasm

Gel-like substance inside the cell where cellular processes occur.

<p>Gel-like substance inside the cell where cellular processes occur.</p>
6
New cards

Plasma Membrane

Regulates what enters and exits the cell; made of a phospholipid bilayer.

<p>Regulates what enters and exits the cell; made of a phospholipid bilayer.</p>
7
New cards

Ribosome

Synthesizes proteins; 70S in prokaryotes, 80S in eukaryotes.

<p>Synthesizes proteins; 70S in prokaryotes, 80S in eukaryotes.</p>
8
New cards

Plasmid

Small, circular piece of DNA carrying extra genes, often for antibiotic resistance.

<p>Small, circular piece of DNA carrying extra genes, often for antibiotic resistance.</p>
9
New cards

Flagella

Tail-like structure that provides movement (motility) for the cell.

<p>Tail-like structure that provides movement (motility) for the cell.</p>
10
New cards

Nucleus

Control center of the cell; contains DNA and regulates gene expression.

<p>Control center of the cell; contains DNA and regulates gene expression.</p>
11
New cards

Nucleolus

Found inside the nucleus; produces ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembles ribosomes.

<p>Found inside the nucleus; produces ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembles ribosomes.</p>
12
New cards

Rough ER

Studded with ribosomes; site of protein synthesis and transport.

<p>Studded with ribosomes; site of protein synthesis and transport.</p>
13
New cards

Smooth ER

Synthesizes lipids, detoxifies chemicals, and stores calcium.

<p>Synthesizes lipids, detoxifies chemicals, and stores calcium.</p>
14
New cards

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell; produces ATP through cellular respiration.

<p>Powerhouse of the cell; produces ATP through cellular respiration.</p>
15
New cards

Golgi Apparatus

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.

<p>Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.</p>
16
New cards

Centriole

Helps in cell division by organizing mitotic spindle fibers.

<p>Helps in cell division by organizing mitotic spindle fibers.</p>