1 MCQs Cardiovascular, Respiratory & Digestive Systems

Fenestrated elastic membranes are typical for the arteries of muscle type.

A. Yes

B. No

Fenestrated elastic membranes are typical for the arteries of muscle type.

B. No

Continuous capillaries consist of an endothelial layer, its underlying basal lamina and associated pericytes within the basal lamina.

A. Yes

B. No

Continuous capillaries consist of an endothelial layer, its underlying basal lamina and associated pericytes within the basal lamina.

A. Yes

Pericytes are associated cells within the basal lamina of the endothelial cells of capillaries.

A. Yes

B. No

Pericytes are associated cells within the basal lamina of the endothelial cells of capillaries.

A. Yes

Adipose tissue is found in the epicardium.

A. Yes

B. No

Adipose tissue is found in the epicardium.

A. Yes

In the region of fossa ovalis in septum interatrial there is no myocardium.

A. Yes

B. No

In the region of fossa ovalis in septum interatrial there is no myocardium.

A. Yes

The atrioventricular node is situated in its subendocardial location.

A. Yes

B. No

The atrioventricular node is situated in its subendocardial location.

A. Yes

The valves of the veins are double folding of tunica intima.

A. Yes

B. No

The valves of the veins are double folding of tunica intima.

A. Yes

The right ventricle of the heart at cross section has semilunar shape.

A. Yes

B. No

The right ventricle of the heart at cross section has semilunar shape.

A. Yes

There is adipose tissue in the heart epicardium.

A. Yes

B. No

There is adipose tissue in the heart epicardium.

A. Yes

The left ventricle of the heart at cross section has semilunar shape.

A. Yes

B. No

The left ventricle of the heart at cross section has semilunar shape.

B. No

There is adipose tissue in the heart endocardium.

A. Yes

B. No

There is adipose tissue in the heart endocardium.

B. No

The lining of the inner walls of the heart's chambers is termed the visceral pericardium.

A. Yes

B. No

The lining of the inner walls of the heart's chambers is termed the visceral pericardium.

B. No

Subendothelium of blood vessels is:

A. loose connective tissue without blood vessels

B. loose connective tissue with blood vessels

C. loose connective tissue with glands

D. muscle tissue

Subendothelium of blood vessels is:

A. loose connective tissue without blood vessels

Tunica media of the aorta is made of:

A. muscle tissue

B. elastic and muscle tissue

C. fenestrated elastic membranes

Tunica media of the aorta is made of:

C. fenestrated elastic membranes

If the heart's natural pacemaker fails to fire, then:

A. no blood would enter the atria

B. no blood would enter the ventricles

C. the node on the floor of the right atrium would act as a

secondary pacemaker

D. the node on the floor of the left ventricle would act as a

secondary pacemaker

E. the person would die within minutes

If the heart's natural pacemaker fails to fire, then:

C. the node on the floor of the right atrium would act as a

secondary pacemaker

Which tunic of an artery contains endothelium?

A. tunica interna/intima

B. tunica media

C. tunica externa

Which tunic of an artery contains endothelium?

A. tunica interna/intima

The exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues is a major function of:

A. arterioles

B. arteries

C. capillaries

D. veins

The exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues is a major function of:

C. capillaries

Which of the following statements best describes arteries?

A. all arteries carry oxygenated blood towards the heart

B. all arteries contain valves to prevent the back-flow of

blood

C. all arteries carry blood away from the heart

D. only large arteries are lined with endothelium

Which of the following statements best describes arteries?

C. all arteries carry blood away from the heart

The circulatory pathway that carries blood from the digestive tract towards the liver is termed the:

A. coronary circuit

B. cerebral circuit

C. hepatic portal circuit

D. pulmonary circuit

The circulatory pathway that carries blood from the digestive tract towards the liver is termed the:

C. hepatic portal circuit

Immediately following strenuous and vigorous exercise, which of the following is most likely to occur?

A. blood will be rapidly diverted to the digestive organs

B. the skin will be cold and clammy

C. capillaries of the active muscles will be engorged with blood

D. blood flow to the kidneys quickly increases

Immediately following strenuous and vigorous exercise, which of the following is most likely to occur?

C. capillaries of the active muscles will be engorged with blood

The lining of the inner walls of the heart's chambers is termed the:

A. visceral pericardium

B. serous pericardium

C. epicardium

D. myocardium

E. endocardium

The lining of the inner walls of the heart's chambers is termed the:

E. endocardium

The outermost layer of the heart's serous pericardium is termed the:

A. visceral pericardium

B. parietal pericardium

C. epicardium

D. myocardium

E. endocardium

The outermost layer of the heart's serous pericardium is termed the:

B. parietal pericardium

The heart's natural pacemaker is termed the:

A. sinoatrial node

B. atrioventricular node

C. bundle of His/atrioventricular bundle

D. left and right bundle branches

E. Purkinje fibers

The heart's natural pacemaker is termed the:

A. sinoatrial node

What is most responsible for propelling blood in the arterial system during cardiac diastole?

A. skeletal muscle contraction and breathing

B. hydrostatic blood pressure arising from ventricular contraction

C. elastic recoil of conducting (elastic) arteries

D. venous return of blood

What is most responsible for propelling blood in the arterial system during cardiac diastole?

C. elastic recoil of conducting (elastic) arteries

The basal membrane of the fenestrated capillaries is _____

The basal membrane of the fenestrated capillaries is continuous

The layers of the endocardium are:

A.

B.

C.

D.

The layers of the endocardium are:

A. endothelial

B. subendothelial

C. myoelastic

D. subendocardial

The capillaries are:

A.

B.

C.

The capillaries are:

A. continuous

B. fenestrated

C. discontinuous

The valves between the atria and ventricles in the heart are:

A.

B.

The valves between the atria and ventricles in the heart are:

A. bicuspidal or mitral

B. tricuspidal

The fibrous skeleton of the heart includes:

A.

B.

C.

D.

The fibrous skeleton of the heart includes:

A. right fibrous ring

B. left fibrous ring

C. right fibrous trigone

D. left fibrous trigone

The arteries which supply the heart wall with blood are:

A.

B.

The arteries which supply the heart wall with blood are:

A. left coronary artery

B. right coronary artery

(T/F) Typical for myocardium is:

A. 3 types of muscle tissue cells -cardiac myocytes, Purkinje cells, Myocardial endocrine cells

B. Myocardium of the ventricles is organized in 2 layers

C. Myocardium of the ventricles is organized in 3 layers

(T/F) Typical for myocardium is :

T - A. 3 types of muscle tissue cells -cardiac myocytes, Purkinje cells, Myocardial endocrine cells

F - B. Myocardium of the ventricles is organized in 2 layers

T - C. Myocardium of the ventricles is organized in 3 layers

(T/F) The elements of the fenestrated capillaries are:

A. Endothelial cells

B. Basal membrane - interrupted

C. Basal membrane - non-interrupted

D. Pericytes

(T/F) The elements of the fenestrated capillaries are:

T - A. Endothelial cells

F - B. Basal membrane - interrupted

T - C. Basal membrane - non-interrupted

T - D. Pericytes

Alveolocyte II type participates in the blood-air barrier.

A. Yes

B. No

Alveolocyte II type participates in the blood-air barrier.

B. No

The lungs have two surfaces - diaphragmatic and mediastinal.

A. Yes

B. No

The lungs have two surfaces - diaphragmatic and mediastinal.

B. No

Alveolocytes I type produce surfactant.

A. Yes

B. No

Alveolocytes I type produce surfactant.

B. No

Cartilago cricoidea has the form of a ring with plate.

A. Yes

B. No

Cartilago cricoidea has the form of a ring with plate.

A. Yes

The respiratory part of the lung is made of bronchi, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli.

A. Yes

B. No

The respiratory part of the lung is made of bronchi, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli.

B. No

The left main bronchus is shorter and wider than the right one.

A. Yes

B. No

The left main bronchus is shorter and wider than the right one.

B. No

The right main bronchus is shorter and wider than the left one.

A. Yes

B. No

The right main bronchus is shorter and wider than the left one.

A. Yes

The left lung possesses three lobes - superior, inferior and middle.

A. Yes

B. No

The left lung possesses three lobes - superior, inferior and middle.

B. No

The laryngeal cavity has only two parts - vestibule and infraglottic cavity.

A. Yes

B. No

The laryngeal cavity has only two parts - vestibule and infraglottic cavity.

B. No

The epithelium of respiratory bronchioles is unilayered cuboid ciliated.

A. Yes

B. No

The epithelium of respiratory bronchioles is unilayered cuboid ciliated.

B. No

Cricoid cartilage of larynx is ring shaped and has its plate anteriorly.

A. Yes

B. No

Cricoid cartilage of larynx is ring shaped and has its plate anteriorly.

B. No

The septal cells are macrophages.

A. Yes

B. No

The septal cells are macrophages.

A. Yes

Which of these structures is a part of the upper respiratory tract?

A. bronchi

B. larynx

C. lungs

D. pharynx

E. trachea

Which of these structures is a part of the upper respiratory tract?

D. pharynx

The largest cartilage in the larynx is the

A. arytenoid cartilage.

B. cricoid cartilage.

C. corniculate cartilage.

D. cuneiform cartilage.

E. thyroid cartilage.

The largest cartilage in the larynx is the

E. thyroid cartilage.

The true vocal cords and the opening between them are called the

A. cricoid cartilage.

B. fauces.

C. glottis.

D. thyroid cartilage.

E. vestibular folds.

The true vocal cords and the opening between them are called the

C. glottis.

Which of these structures prevents the movement of swallowed materials into the larynx?

A. middle nasal conchae

B. epiglottis

C. vestibular folds

D. uvula

E. both b and c

Which of these structures prevents the movement of swallowed materials into the larynx?

B. epiglottis

Which of these structures has no cartilage in it?

A. primary bronchus

B. secondary bronchus

C. terminal bronchiole

D. larynx

E. trachea

Which of these structures has no cartilage in it?

C. terminal bronchiole

Surfactant

A. reduces surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli.

B. increases pleural pressure.

C. decreases alveolar pressure.

D. makes inspiration more difficult.

E. can cause a pneumothorax.

Surfactant

A. reduces surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli.

Which cartilages in the larynx are paired:

A. cartilago cricoidea

B. cartilago arytenoidea

C. cartilago thyroidea

D. epiglottis

Which cartilages in the larynx are paired:

B. cartilago arytenoidea

The cells of Clara are typical for:

A. large bronchi

B. trachea

C. segmental bronchi

D. terminal bronchi

The cells of Clara are typical for:

D. terminal bronchi

The septal cells are:

A. macrophages

B. lymphocytes

C. monocytes

D. epithelial cells

The septal cells are:

A. macrophages

Which of the following muscles is m. vocalis?

A. m.cricothyroideus

B. m.thyroarytenoideus

C. m.crycoarytenoideus posterior

D. m.thyroepiglotticus

Which of the following muscles is m. vocalis?

B. m.thyroarytenoideus

In meatus nasi inferior opens:

A. sinus maxillaris

B. sinus frontalis

C. sinus ethmoidalis anteriores

D. sinus ethmoidalis posteriors

E. ductus nasolacrimalis

In meatus nasi inferior opens:

E. ductus nasolacrimalis

The parts of the laryngeal cavity are:

A.

B.

C.

The parts of the laryngeal cavity are:

A. vestibule

B. ventricle

C. infraglottic cavity

The wall of the alveoli contains the following cells:

A.

B.

C.

The wall of the alveoli contains the following cells:

A. alveolocyte type I

B. alveolocyte type II

C. alveolar macrophage

Which sinuses open in meatus nasi medius?

A.

B.

C.

Which sinuses open in meatus nasi medius?

A. frontal

B. maxillary

C. anterior ethmoidal cells

The elements of blood-air barrier are:

A.

B.

C.

D.

The elements of blood-air barrier are:

A. alveolocyte I

B. basal lamina of alveolocytes I

C. basal lamina of endothelial cells

D. endothelial cell of capillaries

Which are the lobes of the left lung?

A.

B.

Which are the lobes of the left lung?

A. superior lobe

B. inferior lobe

Which are the lobes of the right lung?

A.

B.

C.

Which are the lobes of the right lung?

A. superior lobe

B. inferior lobe

C. middle lobe

The respiratory part of nasal cavity includes:

A.

B.

C.

D.

The respiratory part of nasal cavity includes:

A. pseudostratified columnar and ciliated epithelium

B. lamina propria of the nasal mucosae

C. cavernous sinusoids

D. mucous and serous glands

Count the right lung's fissures:

A.

B.

Count the right lung's fissures:

A. oblique

B. transverse

Count the main cells of epithelium of the trachea:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Count the main cells of epithelium of the trachea:

A. ciliated cells

B. goblet cells

C. brush cells

D. endocrine cells

(T/F) Typical for the lung is:

A. three surfaces

B. three lobes in the left lung

C. aa. and vv. bronchiales are elements of radix pulmonis (root of the lung)

D. both lungs have oblique fissure

(T/F) Typical for the lung is:

T - A. three surfaces

F - B. three lobes in the left lung

T - C. aa. and vv. bronchiales are elements of radix pulmonis (root of the lung)

T - D. both lungs have oblique fissure

(T/F) Typical for the trachea is:

A. three parts

B. pseudostratified ciliated epithelium

C. tracheal glands are in tela submucosa

D. carina trachealis is in the region bifurcation of trachea

(T/F) Typical for the trachea is:

F - A. three parts

T - B. pseudostratified ciliated epithelium

T - C. tracheal glands are in tela submucosa

T - D. carina trachealis is in the region bifurcation of trachea

(T/F) Typical for the respiratory part of nasal cavity is:

A. lamina epithelialis is pseudostratified ciliated epithelium

B. there are olfactory glands

C. lamina propria is reticular connective tissue

D. there are sinusoids in lamina propria

E. there are acini in laminar propria

(T/F) Typical for the respiratory part of nasal cavity is:

T - A. lamina epithelialis is pseudostratified ciliated epithelium

F - B. there are olfactory glands

F - C. lamina propria is reticular connective tissue

T - D. there are sinusoids in lamina propria

F - E. there are acini in laminar propria

The secretory portion of the submandibular gland is serous, mucous and mixed acini.

A. Yes

B. No

The secretory portion of the submandibular gland is serous, mucous and mixed acini.

A. Yes

Parotid gland (glandula parotis) is serous gland.

A. Yes

B. No

Parotid gland (glandula parotis) is serous gland.

A. Yes

The lamina muscularis mucosae of the oesophagus is built of striated skeletal muscle.

A. Yes

B. No

The lamina muscularis mucosae of the oesophagus is built of striated skeletal muscle.

B. No

The entire esophagus is located intraperitonially.

A. Yes

B. No

The entire esophagus is located intraperitonially.

B. No

The covering epithelium of the stomach is unilayered cylindrical resorptive epithelium.

A. Yes

B. No

The covering epithelium of the stomach is unilayered cylindrical resorptive epithelium.

B. No

Circular folds (plicae circulares) are typical for the large intestine.

A. Yes

B. No

Circular folds (plicae circulares) are typical for the large intestine.

B. No

The lining of the villi intestinales of the small intestine is simple columnar epithelium.

A. Yes

B. No

The lining of the villi intestinales of the small intestine is simple columnar epithelium.

A. Yes

The exocrinic part of the pancreas is made of mucous acini.

A. Yes

B. No

The exocrinic part of the pancreas is made of mucous acini.

B. No

The exocrinic part of the pancreas is occupied by serous acini.

A. Yes

B. No

The exocrinic part of the pancreas is occupied by serous acini.

A. Yes

The lingual papillae are located on its back, dorsum linguae and on its root, radix linguae.

A. Yes

B. No

The lingual papillae are located on its back, dorsum linguae and on its root, radix linguae.

B. No

The Paneth cells are located in the glands of Lieberkuhn of the small intestine.

A. Yes

B. No

The Paneth cells are located in the glands of Lieberkuhn of the small intestine.

A. Yes

The bile surface of the hepatocyte faces the space of Disse.

A. Yes

B. No

The bile surface of the hepatocyte faces the space of Disse.

B. No

The Kupffer cells are macrophages.

A. Yes

B. No

The Kupffer cells are macrophages.

A. Yes

The sinusoids of the liver are fenestrated capillaries.

A. Yes

B. No

The sinusoids of the liver are fenestrated capillaries.

B. No

The vascular pole of the hepatocytes is towards the sinusoid.

A. Yes

B. No

The vascular pole of the hepatocytes is towards the sinusoid.

A. Yes

The biliary pole of the hepatocytes is towards the sinusoid.

A. Yes

B. No

The biliary pole of the hepatocytes is towards the sinusoid.

B. No

The duodenal glands are in the lamina propria of the mucous membrane.

A. Yes

B. No

The duodenal glands are in the lamina propria of the mucous membrane.

B. No

B cells of the Langerhans islets produce glucagon.

A. Yes

B. No

B cells of the Langerhans islets produce glucagon.

B. No

A cells of the pancreas secrete insulin.

A. Yes

B. No

A cells of the pancreas secrete insulin.

B. No

The parietal cells are typical for the large intestine.

A. Yes

B. No

The parietal cells are typical for the large intestine.

B. No

The muscles of the palatum mole are striated skeletal muscles, involuntary.

A. Yes

B. No

The muscles of the palatum mole are striated skeletal muscles, involuntary.

B. No

Arcus palatoglossus and arcus palatopharyngeus surround recessus piriformis.

A. Yes

B. No

Arcus palatoglossus and arcus palatopharyngeus surround recessus piriformis.

B. No

Odontoblasts are located :

A. in the peripheral layer of the pulp

B. in the canalicules of the dentin

C. in between the dentin and enamelum

D. in the periodontium

Odontoblasts are located :

A. in the peripheral layer of the pulp

Which muscle is forming oral diaphragm (diaphragma oris):

A. m. stylohyoideus

B. m. geniohyoideus

C. m. genioglossus

D. m. styloglossus

Which muscle is forming oral diaphragm (diaphragma oris):

B. m. geniohyoideus

The space of Disse is located in :

A. periportal zone

B. between hepatocytes in the hepatic plates

C. between hepatocytes and sinusoids

D. between two adjacent sinusoids

The space of Disse is located in :

C. between hepatocytes and sinusoids

The sinusoids in the liver are:

A. venules

B. fenestrated capillaries

C. wide capillaries with incomplete lining

D. arteriolae

The sinusoids in the liver are:

C. wide capillaries with incomplete lining

The main cells of the stomach secrete:

A. mucus

B. chlorides

C. pepsinogen

D. pepsin

The main cells of the stomach secrete:

C. pepsinogen

The intracellular canaliculi are characteristic of :

A. the chief cells

B. the goblet cells

C. the Paneth cells

D. the parietal cells

The intracellular canaliculi are characteristic of:

D. the parietal cells

The epithelium of tonsilla palatine is:

A. multistratified non-keratinizing epithelium

B. multistratified keratinizing epithelium

C. Henle's epithelium

D. pseudostratified ciliated epithelium

The epithelium of tonsilla palatine is:

A. multistratified non-keratinizing epithelium

The epithelium of the oesophagus is :

A. stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

B. stratified squamous keratinized epithelium

C. transitional epithelium of Henle

D. ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

The epithelium of the oesophagus is :

A. stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium

Tunica muscularis of the oesophagus consists of :

A. smooth muscle

B. striated skeletal muscle

C. in the upper third is striated skeletal muscle

D. in the upper part is smooth muscle

Tunica muscularis of the oesophagus consists of :

A. smooth muscle

Lamina muscularis mucosae of the esophagus is

A. Smooth muscle tissue

B. Striated skeletal muscle tissue

C. Half smooth muscle tissue and half striated skeletal muscle tissue

Lamina muscularis mucosae of the esophagus is

A. Smooth muscle tissue

There are microvilli on the surface of :

A. parietal cells of the fundus glands

B. chief cell of the fundus glands

C. the Paneth cells

D. absorptive cells

There are microvilli on the surface of:

D. absorptive cells