Exam 2 Cancer uncontrolled cell divison

This flashcard set covers key terms and definitions related to cell division and cancer, including gene roles, cancer statistics, and mechanisms of tumor formation.

p53

A tumor suppressor gene that keeps cell growth in check.

Telomerase

An enzyme that rebuilds the ends of the telomeres, allowing DNA to continue reproducing.

Tumors

Masses of cells that form when cancer cells group together.

Proto-oncogene

Genes that promote cell growth; when mutated, they are called oncogenes. (Gas Pedal Stuck On) 

Tobacco

Responsible for 30% of all cancer deaths.

Neoplasm

Another word for a tumor or a mass of cells.

Hyperplasia

When a genetically altered cell begins to divide more frequently than normal.

UV Rays

Cause 80% of skin cancer.

Oncogenes

Mutated proto-oncogenes that increase the rate of cell division.

Regulatory mechanisms

Normal cells have mechanisms to keep their rates of cell division in check.

Angiogenesis

Formation of new blood vessels that feed a tumor.

Mutator gene

Involved in DNA repair.

Contact Inhibition

Ability of neighboring cells to give signals so they don't continue to grow.

Tumor Suppressor genes

Slows or stops cell division, normal genes that inhibit cell growth, if mutated cell cycle out of control (No Brakes)