public health

Core Functions of Public Health

Assessment, policy development, and assurance

biomedical studies

the study of the biological basis of human health and disease, including genetics

environmental health science

aspects of human health diseases and injury that are determined or impacted by the environment

epidemiology

the study of populations to seek the causes of health and disease

Mainstream medicine

scientific healthcare systems that use evidence-based medicines to treat illnesses

Upstream

community conditions and impact

Assessment

Assess and monitor the population and diagnose health hazards

Policy development

Be able to inform and educate people about health

assurance

build a diverse and skilled workforce and enable equitable access

downstream

clinical care and individual impact

Primary prevention

to prevent an illness or injury

Secondary Prevention

aims to minimize the severity of illness or damage resulting from an injury-causing event once the event has occurred

Tertiary Prevention

to reduce a disability by preventing medical care

Social and behavioral sciences

study of human behavior, including how people relate to each other and how thier actions affect society

statistics

a way of gathering and analyzing data to extract information seek causation and calculate probabilities

Public Health

The science of preventing disease, prolonging
life, and promoting health through organized efforts
and informed choices of society, organizations, public
and private communities, and individuals

Ten Essential public health services

Five step process for public health

assess the health problem, diagnose the cause, develop and test interventions, implement the interventions, evaluate and refine

Ecological Model

Individual, Interpersonal, institutions, community, and structures

Health belief model

the psychological model that attempts to explain and predict health behvaiors

1. extent to which the individual feels vulnerable to the threat

2. perceived severity of the threat

3. Perveived barriers to taking action to reduce risk

4. perceived effectiveness of taking action to prevent or minimize the problem

5. self-efficacy

Lifecourse perspective

public health approach that examines how various factors interact across an individual lifespan to shape outcomes

Regulatory approach

the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends

Self-efficacy

Peoples sense that they are in control of their lives

Social determinants to health

The conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age influence their overall health and well-being

economic stability, education access and quality, health care access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, social and community context

Social Support

emotional and practical help provided by family and friends

Socioeconomic status

A concept that includes income, education, and occupational status

transtheoretical model

integrative model to conceptualize the process of intentional behavioral change

Education approach

more education = healthier behaviors adopted

Prohibation

a ban on alcohol manufacture sales and use passed by a constitutional amendment in 1919