Japanese History Quiz 1

-Shinto Religion

-stone age

-hunter-gatherer

-nomadic

-agriculture

-rope-pattern pottery

-”Jomon” means rope pattern

-malnutrition led to transition to Yayoi Period

-3 Korean Kingdoms (Paekche, Silla, and Koguryo) were fighting and immigrated to Japan

Jomon Period

-started wet-rice agriculture

-population growth

-social hierarhcy (imperial system was introduced); moral and ethic codes

-bronze (bells=ritual purposes)

-Korea brought technological advancements

-beginning of written laws

-Yamato Clan rising

Yayoi Period

Included Kofun and Asuka

Yamato Period

-Kofun means “keyhole shape”

-tomb period; showed social heirarchy

-imperial line is established

-centralization (influenced from Chinas centralization)

-emergence of a dominant clan

Kofun Period

-rise of Soga period (new clan from Korea Paekche)

-adopted examination from China

-Taiga Reforms (centralization)

-accepted Chinese character

-Risturyo (examinations, censuses, confucianism)

-Buddhism (in the individual)

-Confucianism (in politics)

-written laws and ethics, etc.

Asuka Period

-changed capital to Nara (1st permanent capital)

-centralized power (successfully)

-Buddhism

-emperor mixed Buddhism with politics (emperor Shomu); built temples (tadai ji)

-women status went down because of the acceptance of confucianism

-sent people to China to study Buddhism and examinations, etc.

Nara

-emperor changed captial again to what is modern day Kyoto (didn’t want Buddhist influence)

-Fujiwara clan (regents)

-Sheon landshares (threatened centralization)

-Buddhism taught to commoners

-introduced chinese language read phenologically in Japanese (Kana)

-3 main languages with combinations (hiragana, Kanji, etc.) (hiragana written mostly by women (Tale of Genji))

-first works of literature

-Kusuko incident brought down women status

-ended with the rise of the warrior class

Heian

-Jomon:

nomadic

stone age

limited agricultural practices

-Yayoi:

wet-rice cultivation

bronze age

increased population

introduced imperial system

Yayoi and Jomon differences

hallow sculptures mounted around Kofun tombs of Japanese elite; proved the presence of heirarchy

Haniwa

Keyhole shaped tombs; showed evidence of imperial presence and hierarchy

Kofun Tomb Period

-daughter of emperor Suinin, chosen as empress by the Yayoi people when fighting the Wa (represented women in power)

Himiko

-regent in Asuka period; implemented Chinese philosophy of moral society and government called confucianism

-rewrote constitution and reorganized the government

Prince Shotoku

-emperor that consolidated imperial power, land reform, and promoted cultural exchanges with Korea and China

-helped introduce more technological influences from China and Korea

Ojin

-a symbol of the nation and control the cultural life of Japan

Japanese Emperor

-implemented reforms that strengthened the central government in accord with the Chinese model and restored power to the emperor

Tenji Emperor

-managed manors; levying taxes

Jito

-established his own capital in Asuka

-first emperor to attempt to implement Chinese culture and administrative structures in Japan

Tenmu Emperor

-based on confucianism

-emperor was top of the hierarchical society

-central government was run by the council of state and office of dieties

-nobles passed examinations

-land was distributed entitled men and women to land

-household registers were made and updated

-intercaste marriage was not allowed

-divided into counties (kuni) and further divided into districts (gun)

Ritsuryo System

-extended direct dominion of the emperors family over the whole of Japan with an orderly and fair system modeled off the Tang Dynasty

Taika Reforms

-first established set of legal codes

-contained penal and administrative code

Taiho Code