Bio 205 Chapter 23 Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards for Chapter 23 of Bio 205, covering diseases of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.

Septicemia

Proliferation of microbes in the blood, creating a toxic condition. If endotoxins produced could cause systemic vasodilation → ↓bp = shock

Sepsis

A toxic condition caused by the proliferation of microbes in the blood.

Childbirth Fever

Uterine infection, often caused by Streptococcus pyogenes after childbirth / abortion could progress to pneumonia → septicemia

Endocarditis

Inflammation of the heart, often caused by Streptococcus species. Bacteria released in tooth/tonsil extraction

Acute Endocarditis

Rapid destruction of heart valves caused by S. aureus infection.

Rheumatic Fever

Autoimmune disease resulting from an S. pyogenes infection that damages heart valves and joints.

Lyme Disease

Causative agent is Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted by deer ticks and often characterized by a bull's-eye rash.

Plague

Causative agent is Yersinia pestis, transmitted by flea bites, squirrels bacteria can damage lymph nodes, axillary

Tularemia

“rabbit fever” Causative agent is Francisella tularensis, infection through inhalation, ingestion, bites or minor cuts .10 bacteria are needed to cause disease → can lead to death

Anthrax

Causative agent is Bacillus anthracis, atypical capsule that doesn't stimulate the immune system.Endospores survive up to 60 years in the soil -can enter through inhalation/cutaneous

Gangrene

Infection caused by Clostridium perfringens in wounds with interrupted blood supply, leading to tissue necrosis & gas formation.

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Causative agent is Rickettsia rickettsii, transmitted by ticks, causing high fever and a macular rash in palms and soles. Death could result from kidney to heart failure

Cat Scratch Fever

Causative agent is Bartonella henselae, often transmitted by cat scratches, leading to inflammation and swollen lymph nodes.

Malaria

Causative agent is a protozoan of the genus Plasmodium, transmitted by mosquitos, infecting liver and red blood cells. Cases worldwide, kills more African Childs

Leishmaniasis

Caused by one of 20 different protozoan species and transmitted by sandflies causing lesions on the skin, internal organs and mucous membranes.

Toxoplasmosis

Causative agent is Toxoplasma gondii, a spore-forming protozoan transmitted through cat feces or undercooked meat, causing cysts in soft tissue. Dangerous to fetus can cross the placenta

Trypanosomiasis

Causative agent is Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan transmitted by the Kissing Bug and blood transfusions , damaging the heart, lungs, and esophagus.

Schistosomiasis

Causative agent is a fluke (helminth) of the genus Schistosoma sp, causing granulomas due to the body's response to the eggs. Water contaminated with urine or feces - larva penetrates skin

Infectious Mononucleosis

Causative agent is the Epstein Barr Virus (EBV), transmitted through saliva, causing symptoms due to the T cell response to the virus.

Ebola

Caused by a Filovirus, causing hemorrhagic symptoms with a high mortality rate.

Hanta Virus

Causative agent is the Sin Nombre virus, transmitted by airborne dust contaminated with rodent urine/feces, causing a pulmonary infection.