BSC2085L Lesson 6

Pectoral girdle

Supports upper limbs; includes clavicle and scapula.

Clavicle

Anterior bone connecting scapula to sternum.

Scapula

Posterior bone connecting humerus to clavicle.

Pelvic girdle

Supports lower limbs; formed by coxal bones.

Coxal bone

Fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Ilium

Uppermost part of the coxal bone.

Ischium

Lower part of the coxal bone; bears weight when sitting.

Pubis

Anterior part of the coxal bone.

Sacrum

Triangular bone at base of spine; connects to ilium.

Humerus

Upper arm bone; articulates with scapula.

Glenoid cavity

Socket in scapula for humerus head.

Coracoid process

Scapula structure for muscle attachment.

Olecranon fossa

Humerus depression for ulna during extension.

Ulna

Medial bone of the forearm.

Radius

Lateral bone of the forearm.

Carpus

Wrist composed of 8 bones.

Metacarpals

Five bones forming the palm.

Phalanges

Finger bones; 14 total in hand.

Trochlear notch

Ulna structure articulating with humerus.

Radial notch

Ulna structure articulating with radius.

Acromion

Scapula extension connecting to clavicle.

Deltoid tuberosity

Humerus site for deltoid muscle attachment.

Epicondyles

Humerus projections for muscle attachment.

Carpal mnemonic

Sandy Left The Party To Take Cathy Home.

Phalange numbering

Count starts from the thumb outward.

Coxal bones

Important structures of the pelvic girdle.

Acetabulum

Socket for the femur head.

Obturator foramen

Blood vessels and nerves travel through to thigh.

Greater sciatic notch

Allows sciatic nerve and blood vessels to pass through to the thigh.

Ala

Broad lateral surface of the ilium.

Iliac fossa

Broad medial surface of the ilium.

Iliac crest

Superior margin of ilium.

Ischial spine

Landmark of the pelvic cavity.

Ischial tuberosity

Bears body weight when sitting.

Pubic crest

Anterior portion of pubis, forms the pubic symphysis.

Pubic tubercle

Lateral to crest, attachment site of the inguinal ligament.

Pubic symphysis

Connects the two pubis.

Sacroiliac joint

Connects the ilium to the sacrum.

Femur

Important structures of the thigh.

Head of femur

Proximal, fits in acetabulum of coxal bone.

Fovea capitis

Central pit on head for ligament attachment to acetabulum of coxal bone.

Neck of femur

Connects head to shaft.

Greater and lesser trochanter

Muscle attachment sites.

Medial and lateral condyle

Articulates with tibia.

Patellar surface

Forms joint with patella.

Tibia

Larger & more medial bone of the lower leg.

Lateral condyle of tibia

Proximal end, connects femur.

Medial condyle of tibia

Proximal end, connects femur.

Intercondylar eminence

Separates lateral and medial condyle.

Tibial tuberosity

Patellar ligament attachment.

Medial malleolus

Medial bulge of ankle.

Fibula

Smaller bone of the lower leg.

Head of fibula

Interacts with tibia at proximal tibiofibular joint.

Lateral malleolus

Forms lateral bulge of ankle.

Tarsals

7 bones of the foot.

Metatarsals

5 bones counting from medial.