World History-Social Studies 8: Term 1 Study Hand-Out Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering ancient Chinese political ideas, philosophies, early dynasties, and the European Age of Exploration.

Mandate of Heaven

An important political idea used to explain a ruler's right to govern, connecting the legitimacy of rule with the ruler's conduct and the welfare of the people.

Confucius

A Chinese thinker associated with moral education, proper behavior, relationships, and responsible leadership.

Confucianism

A philosophical tradition emphasizing virtue, education, responsibility, and proper relationships.

Filial Piety

Respect, care, and responsibility toward parents and elders.

Legalism

A philosophy emphasizing strict laws and punishments to maintain order and discipline.

Age of Exploration

A period of overseas exploration associated with European efforts to expand trade, territory, wealth, and influence.

Trading Posts

Places established to support commercial activity and access to trade networks.

Treaty of Tordesillas

An agreement associated with the division of areas of exploration and influence between Portugal and Spain to reduce conflict.

Christopher Columbus

A navigator whose risky westward voyage across the Atlantic was supported by Spain to find another route to Asia and gain wealth.

Portuguese Exploration Strategy

Exploring sea routes around the coast of Africa toward the Indian Ocean to establish trading posts and gain access to Asian trade networks.

Spanish Exploration Strategy

Supporting westward voyages across the Atlantic to find another route to Asia and gain wealth.

Xia Dynasty

An early Chinese dynasty focused on in the examination for its key concepts and major contributions.

Shang Dynasty

An early Chinese dynasty focused on in the examination for its key concepts and major contributions.