Week 1 Quiz Review - Anatomy & EMS

A comprehensive set of practice flashcards covering Week 1 notes on anatomy and EMS concepts.

The axial skeleton is composed of which structures?

Skull, face, thorax, and vertebral column.

The orbit is formed by which bones?

Maxilla, zygoma, and frontal bone of the cranium.

The atlas is the ___

First cervical vertebra, which articulates with the skull.

Twelve pairs of ribs attach to which section of the spinal column?

Thoracic

The _______ portion of the spinal column is joined to the iliac bones of the pelvis?

Sacrum.

The most distal four spinal vertebrae, which are fused together, form the:

Coccyx.

The most superior section of the sternum is called the…

Manubrium.

The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the…

Xiphoid process.

The large, flat, triangular bone that overlies the posterior thoracic wall is called the:

Scapula.

The bones of the forearm are called the:

Radius and ulna.

The carpal bones form the:

Wrist.

The pelvic bones are formed by the fusion of the:

Ilium, ischium, and pubis.

The femoral head forms a ball-and-socket joint with the:

Acetabulum.

The bones that constitute the fingers and toes are called:

Phalanges.

Anterior to the knee is a specialized bone called the:

Patella.

The distal aspect of the tibia forms the:

Medial malleolus.

The elbow is an example of a

Hinge joint.

The muscle tissue of the heart is called the:

Myocardium.

Which statement regarding the heart is correct?

The heart is under autonomic nervous system control.

The primary function of the right atrium is to:

Receive blood from the vena cava.

Contraction of the right ventricle causes:

Blood to flow into the pulmonary circulation.

The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the:

Pulmonary veins.

At rest, the normal adult heart rate should not exceed:

100 beats per minute.

During each heartbeat, stroke volume is approximately:

70 to 80 mL.

Cardiac output (CO) is affected by:

Stroke volume and heart rate.

The major artery that supplies all other arteries with blood is the:

Aorta.

Which of the following are central pulses?

Femoral and carotid.

The exchange of oxygen and nutrients for waste products of metabolism occurs at the cellular level in the:

Capillaries.

The descending aorta branches into the:

Common iliac arteries.

Deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities is returned to the right atrium via the:

Inferior vena cava.

Key hormones of the sympathetic nervous system include:

Epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system would result in:

A slower heart rate.

Which statement regarding nervous system control of the cardiovascular system is correct?

Baroreceptors located throughout the body provide information to the brain regarding blood pressure.

Activities such as walking, talking, and writing are regulated by the:

Somatic nervous system.

The largest portion of the brain is the _______, which is commonly referred to as “gray matter”

Cerebrum

Trauma to the _______ lobe of the brain would likely result in visual disturbances?

Occipital

All critical life functions are coordinated in which part of the brain?

Brain stem.

Which set of nerves is responsible for carrying information from the body to the central nervous system?

Sensory nerves.

A 5-year-old boy has severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the:

Distal forearm (near the wrist).

The topographic term used to describe the location of body parts that are closer toward the midline of the body is:

Medial.

An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found lying face down. How would you document his body's position?

Prone.

In relation to the chest, the back is:

Posterior.

The _____ of the heart is the inferior portion of the ventricles.

Apex.

A patient has fractured both femurs. Anatomically, these injuries would be described as being:

Bilateral.

An EMS provider who has extensive training in various aspects of advanced life support (ALS) is called:

Paramedic.

According to the National EMS Scope of Practice Model, an EMT should be able to:

Assist a patient with certain prescribed medications.

If an EMT candidate has been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor, he or she should:

Contact the state EMS office and provide its staff with the required documentation.

The person who is responsible for authorizing EMTs to perform emergency medical care in the field is the:

Medical director.

Which type of medical direction do standing orders and protocols describe?

Offline.

EMS as we know it today had its origins in 1966 with the publication of:

Accidental Death and Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society.

Three components of the cardiovascular system

Pump, Pipe, Fluid