Video Lecture Notes - Computer Networking and System Basics Flashcards

90 flashcards created from the video lecture notes, covering hardware, networking, Windows, and troubleshooting concepts.

What color is the common USB 3.0 Standard A connector?

Blue.

What type of memory is used in SSD storage?

Flash memory.

Where is the BIOS originally stored in a standard PC?

ROM.

What is an ISO image?

A complete copy of everything stored on a physical optical disc.

What is the minimum hard disk capacity for Windows 10 32-bit vs 64-bit?

16 GB for 32-bit, 20 GB for 64-bit.

Where are Windows device drivers stored?

In the registry.

What voltage does the RED wire in a power supply carry?

+5V.

What is a crossover cable?

A network cable with one end configured as T568-A and the other as T568-B.

What does a cross and red indicator on a LAN connection usually indicate?

A possible problem with the LAN driver.

What is a Network Interface Card (NIC)?

A hardware component that allows a computer to connect to a network.

What does a router do?

Forwards data packets between computer networks.

What does IEEE 802.11 refer to?

Wi‑Fi standard.

What is a Local Area Network (LAN)?

A collection of devices connected in one physical location.

What is a Wide Area Network (WAN)?

A network that interconnects multiple LANs.

What is antivirus software used for?

To prevent, detect, and remove threats.

What is a peer-to-peer network?

A network where two or more PCs connect and share resources without a separate server.

What is a provider address in virtualization?

An IP address used by the virtual machine to communicate over the physical network.

What is WPA2-Personal?

A version of WPA2 that uses a preset password to protect access.

What does an access control list do?

Governs rights and privileges of users.

What is information extortion?

An attacker steals data and demands compensation for its return.

What does Continuous Assessment monitor?

The security accreditation of an information system for tracking changes.

What is Remote Storage Service?

A Windows Server service that migrates data to lower-cost storage or tape media.

What is a Virtual Cluster Server?

An application group with a Client Access Point and at least one application-specific resource.

What does ping do?

Tests whether a host is reachable across an IP network.

Which keys enter BIOS setup?

F1, F2, and F10.

What does Safe Mode do?

Enables troubleshooting to fix boot problems.

What is Repair Computer option?

A startup recovery option that boots into the recovery partition.

What can a single physical hard drive be divided into?

Multiple logical drives.

Name two interfaces used to connect a hard drive to the motherboard.

ATA and SATA.

What is the World Wide Web?

A vast interconnection of information located on computers worldwide accessibly via the web.

What is thermal paste used for?

To prevent CPU overheating by improving heat transfer to the heatsink.

What is the maximum cable length for USB 2.0?

5 meters.

Where is firmware stored?

In ROM.

What is another name for an ISO image?

A disc image.

What is the minimum RAM for Windows 10 32-bit and 64-bit?

1 GB for 32-bit, 2 GB for 64-bit.

What is Device Manager?

An MMC snap-in used to manage hardware and drivers.

What voltage does the Yellow wire carry in a power supply?

+12V.

What is a Roll-over cable also known as?

A Cisco console cable (console cable).

What does a yellow LAN icon indicate in Server 2008?

No connectivity.

How many LEDs are on a Network Interface Card (NIC)?

Two.

What is NAT port forwarding?

An NAT feature that redirects traffic from one address/port to another.

What is Wireless Fidelity (Wi‑Fi)?

A wireless technology using radio frequencies to connect devices to a router.

What is a Campus Area Network (CAN)?

A network interconnecting LANs within a limited area, like a campus or corporate buildings.

What is a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)?

Interconnects LANs across a city, typically 5–50 km.

What does a Network Administrator do?

Monitors network security, operations, and users.

What is a File Server used for?

Storing user documents with large storage capacity.

What is a Provider Address in virtual networking?

An IP address used by the virtual machine to communicate over the physical network.

What is WPA-Enterprise?

A version of WPA that authenticates users via server; more secure but complex.

What is a port number?

Identifies the specific process/service for network traffic at the destination.

What is a bot?

An automated software program that executes commands on input.

What does File System Quota do?

Allows admins to configure storage thresholds on NTFS volumes.

What is Failover?

The ability to migrate workloads between a source and target cluster.

What are Counter Logs?

Logs recording performance statistics in Performance Monitor.

What does chkdsk do?

Checks a volume for errors and repairs them.

When is a computer system considered functional?

In normal boot.

What does Fully automatic Windows Update mean?

It automatically downloads and installs the latest version.

What is a bad sector?

A physically damaged storage cluster on the hard drive.

What is an IP address conflict?

Two or more devices share the same IP address.

When should a hard disk be replaced?

If frequent errors occur when moving files or booting.

What does fixmbr do?

Writes a new master boot record on the hard disk.

What is the maximum USB 3.0 cable length with non-twisted wire?

3 meters.

What is M.2?

A form factor for storage drives.

What does the RTC/NVRAM chip do?

Stores BIOS settings.

What is an ISO file used for?

As a substitute for an actual disc allowing software to run without CD/DVD.

What is Windows Ultimate?

A Windows edition with a program to restrict access to certain programs.

Where can device drivers be found?

In the System32 folder.

What are the voltages for red and yellow wires on a Molex connector?

Red = 5V, Yellow = 12V.

What is a straight-through Ethernet cable used for?

Connecting computers to hubs or switches.

What is another name for a LAN Card?

Network Interface Controller (NIC).

What class is the IP 192.168.0.1?

Class C private addressing.

What is the Core router?

A router designed to operate in the Internet backbone.

What does MAC address filtering do?

Allows only specified MAC addresses to connect to the Wi‑Fi network.

What is a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)?

A network using short-range technologies like infrared.

What is a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)?

A wireless network allowing mobility within coverage.

What is NetBackup?

An enterprise-level backup and recovery suite.

What is a Directory Server?

A server for centralized administration of users and resources.

What is information loss?

Damage, modification, or disclosure of information.

What is WPS?

A network security standard to simplify router-to-device connections; has security trade-offs.

Which protocol is efficient for transferring large files?

FTP.

What is spoofing?

Using a forged source IP to gain unauthorized access.

What does File Screening do?

Defines permitted file types saved on a Windows volume/folder.

What is Network Load Balancing (NLB)?

Distributes client requests across multiple servers with replicated configurations.

What is Circular Logging?

A log that overwrites old entries to prevent unbounded growth.

What should you do to improve NIC performance?

Upgrade the network card to receive and transmit stronger signals.

What does DHCP do?

Provides automatic IP address assignment and centralized management for IP distribution.

What is Nslookup used for?

Finding the IP address corresponding to a host or domain name.

What does CMOS battery failure cause?

Time and date resetting issues in the BIOS.

What is CrystalDiskInfo used for?

Checking the health/status of a hard drive (Good, Caution, Bad).

What is the task of Implementing the solution?

Carrying out the plan to fix the network.

What is software troubleshooting?

The process of scanning, identifying, diagnosing, and resolving software problems.