GOV - Unit 9

Which of the following occurs if the president and Congress ignore a Supreme Court ruling?

a. They are censured

b. The ruling is enacted through an override

c. They do not face any consequences

d. They face possible impeachment

They do not face any consequences

The senior justice on the winning side explains the decision by preparing which of the following?

a. A majority opinion

b. A dissenting opinion

c. A concurring opinion

d. A minority opinion

A majority opinion

The president's most important influence over the court is the power to do which of the following?

a. Demand a judicial review

b. Appoint justices with Senate consent

c. Veto a ruling

d. Override a decision

Appoint justices with Senate consent

Which of the following resulted from the court’s ruling in Marbury v. Madison?

a. The power of the judicial branch expanded

b. The power of the government was limited

c. The power of the president increased

d. The Bill of Rights became part of the Constitution

The power of the judicial branch expanded

The philosophy of the courts where judges make decisions based on the spirit of the times and needs of the nation is known as which of the following?

a. Stare decisis

b. Judicial restraint

c. A dissenting opinion

d. Judicial activism

Judicial activism

Another measure of the Supreme Court’s power is its ability to overrule itself as shown in its ruling in which ONE of the following cases?

a. Plessy v. Ferguson

b. Roe v. Wade

c. Marbury v. Madison

d. Brown v. Board of Education

Brown v. Board of Education

Judicial review allows the modern Supreme Court to act as which of the following?

a. The “keeper” of the Constitution

b. The chief referee of the U.S. political system

c. A guide to acceptable legislation

d. The final authority on legislation

The “keeper” of the Constitution

The idea that judges will make a determination in a case that reflects their personal political considerations over the laws or precedents is known as which of the following?

a. Judicial restraint

b. Judicial review

c. Judicial activism

d. Original intent

Judicial activism

Under the guidance of constitutional principles, which of the following serves as a watchdog for the other branches of government?

a. The President of the United States

b. The bureaucracy

c. The Supreme Court

d. Congress

The Supreme Court

Which ONE of the following cases is the BEST example of judicial activism?

a. Roe v. Wade

b. Scott v. Sanford

c. Brown v. Board of Education

d. Marbury v. Madison

Brown v. Board of Education

The belief that the Constitution has a strict interpretation and its meaning does not change is known as which of the following?

a. Judicial activism

b. Judicial justice

c. Judicial correction

d. Judicial restraint

Judicial restraint

Which of the following characterizes how the executive branch checks the Supreme Court?

a. By appointing members to the Cabinet

b. By appointing the Speaker of the House

c. By appointing members of Congress to committee

d. By appointing Supreme Court justices

By appointing Supreme Court justices

Which of the following characterizes how the power of judicial review acts as a check on the legislative and executive branches?

a. It pushes the president to enforce unpopular laws

b. It allows state courts to set precedents for law enforcement

c. It can prevent Congress from passing laws

d. It can nullify laws that conflict with the Constitution

It can nullify laws that conflict with the Constitution

Cases in both federal and state courts catch up quickly thereby fulfilling the "the right to a speedy public trial" as is prescribed in which of the following Constitutional Amendments?

a. 10th Amendment

b. 1st Amendment

c. 6th Amendment

d. 4th Amendment

6th Amendment

The policy of the courts where judges play a minimal policymaking role and defer to legislatures whenever possible is known as which of the following?

a. Judicial activism

b. Judicial restraint

c. Senatorial courtesy

d. Judicial implementation

Judicial restraint

Which of the following is the main power of the judicial branch?

a. Make laws

b. Defend laws

c. Interpret laws

d. Enforce laws

Interpret laws

Which of the following courts decide all final and arbitrary questions regarding the U.S. Constitution?

a. Federal Circuit Court

b. Supreme Court

c. Appellate Court

d. State Courts

Supreme Court

A characteristic of the U.S. system of government that says the actions of the executive and legislative branches are subject to review and possible invalidation by the judicial branch is known as which of the following?

a. Strict constructionist

b. Majority opinion

c. Judicial review

d. Judicial restraint

Judicial review

Which of the following characterizes how a person becomes a Supreme Court justice?

a. Appointed by the House of Representatives and approved by the Senate

b. Appointed by the Federal Courts

c. Appointed by the president and approved by the Senate

d. Appointed and approved by the Senate

Appointed by the president and approved by the Senate

The belief that the federal courts must correct injustices that are perpetuated or ignored by other branches is known as which of the following?

a. Judicial correction

b. Judicial activism

c. Judicial restraint

d. Judicial justice

Judicial activism

Brown v. Board of Education was about which of the following?

a. Americans from Japanese descent being sent to internment camps during World War II

b. Proving that the separate but equal doctrine was entirely unfair

c. Establishing the Supreme Court's power of judicial review over Congress

d. The constitutional right of women to an abortion during the first two trimesters of pregnancy

Proving that the separate but equal doctrine was entirely unfair

Which of the following is the role of the judicial branch?

a. To interpret the laws of the United States

b. All of the answers are correct

c. To carry out and execute the laws of the United States

d. To make the laws of the United States

To interpret the laws of the United States

Most cases come to the Supreme Court in which of the following ways?

a. On appeal from private citizens

b. Before any other court hears them

c. On the recommendation of Congress

d. On appeal from lower courts

On appeal from lower courts

A state may not take a person's life, liberty, or property without which of the following?

a. Original jurisdiction

b. Appellate jurisdiction

c. Supreme Court opinion

d. Due process

Due process

Which ONE of the following cases was decided in 1973 based on the right to privacy, under the due process clause of the 14th Amendment, extending to a woman's decision to have an abortion?

a. Engel v. Vitale

b. Baker v. Carr

c. Mapp v. Ohio

d. Roe v. Wade

Roe v. Wade

Which of the following describes how President Andrew Jackson revealed a limit on the Supreme Court’s power?

a. He refused to enforce a decision that the Supreme Court established

b. He submitted a case that did not involve a federal question

c. He demanded a ruling on a case that was not an actual legal dispute

d. He asked for a ruling on a law that had not been challenged on appeal

He refused to enforce a decision that the Supreme Court established

Judicial review was established in which of the following cases?

a. McCulloch v. Maryland

b. Scott v. Sandford

c. Gibbons v. Ogden

d. Marbury v. Madison

Marbury v. Madison

Under the guidelines of the Constitution of the United States, which of the following is NOT within the jurisdiction of the federal courts?

a. Cases involving treaties

b. Cases involving federal law

c. Cases involving interpretation of the federal constitution

d. Cases involving interpretation of state constitutions

Cases involving interpretation of state constitutions

The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction with which of the following?

a. In legal proceedings against a person stealing from the state of Tennessee

b. In legal proceedings concerning a divorce in Nebraska

c. In legal proceedings against ambassadors and other public ministers

d. In legal proceedings concerning a person suing another person in Washington, D.C.

In legal proceedings against ambassadors and other public ministers

Which of the following former presidents sought to "pack" the courts with Federalist judges because he feared that the newly elected Democratic Republican president, Thomas Jefferson, would undo his policies?

a. President John Adams

b. President Andrew Jackson

c. President James Madison

d. President James Monroe

President John Adams

President Franklin D. Roosevelt tried to change the makeup of the Supreme Court by doing which of the following?

a. Changing the tenure of justices

b. Requiring presidential and congressional approval of decisions

c. Increasing the number of justices

d. Decreasing the number of justices

Increasing the number of justices

The judiciary can influence policy on all governmental levels through which of the following?

a. Supreme Court rulings

b. Decisions

c. Interpretation of the law

d. Trials

Supreme Court rulings

The judiciary has authority over the bureaucracy because it is independent and the courts do which of the following?

a. Treat the government differently than other parties in a legal proceeding

b. Decide on whether laws are legitimate

c. Exercise constitutional authority over government agencies

d. Defend individual rights, which constrains government agencies

Defend individual rights, which constrains government agencies

Which of the following terms refer to the power of the courts to review the decisions of another department or level of government and interpret the constitutionality of the decisions and subsequent actions?

a. Precedent review

b. Congressional review

c. Judicial review

d. Presidential review

Judicial review

Which of the following articles of the Constitution established the Supreme Court?

a. Article I

b. Article II

c. Article IV

d. Article III

Article III

The president does which of the following when making an appointment to the Supreme Court?

a. Remains impartial by refusing candidate endorsements from members of the Supreme Court

b. Often selects a candidate who is neither decidedly liberal or conservative

c. Tends to choose judges from their own political party

d. Tends to ignore race as a consideration for selecting a judge

Tends to choose judges from their own political party

Which of the following characterizes how a legal precedent is used by the courts?

a. Courts rely on decisions of past cases to make a decision

b. Courts use precedent knowledge to create new charges

c. Courts have the legal right to proceed with caution

d. Courts use new information to create new charges

Courts rely on decisions of past cases to make a decision

Lower court judges tend not to contradict the Supreme Court because of which of the following?

a. All of the answers are correct

b. Frequent reversals could damage a judge’s reputation

c. Reversed decisions will bring greater scrutiny

d. A reversed decision is a defeat for the judge

All of the answers are correct

The power of judicial review established which of the following the precedents?

a. Only the people can interpret the Constitution

b. Only federal courts can interpret the Constitution

c. Only Congress can interpret the Constitution

d. Only the president can interpret the Constitution

Only federal courts can interpret the Constitution

Which of the following is the Senate's control over the Supreme Court?

a. Veto power

b. Amendment power

c. Confirmation power

d. Override power

Confirmation power

Since Marbury v. Madison, the judicial branch has at times determined whether the decisions of the president, Congress, the American bureaucratic system, and the states themselves are which of the following?

a. Supporting each other

b. Constitutional

c. Able to propose amendments

d. All the answers are correct

Constitutional

The power to confirm appointments to the Supreme Court resides in which of the following?

a. The people

b. The House of Representatives

c. The state legislatures

d. The Senate

The Senate

The most common way the elected branches seize statutory control from the Supreme Court is through which of the following?

a. Executive orders

b. Constitutional amendments

c. Disregarding the ruling

d. Legislative action

Legislative action

A characteristic of the U.S. system of government that says the actions of the executive and legislative branches are subject to review and possible invalidation by the judicial branch is known as which of the following?

a. Judicial restraint

b. Judicial review

c. Majority opinion

d. Strict constructionist

Judicial review

The senior justice on the winning side explains the decision by preparing which of the following?

a. A majority opinion

b. A concurring opinion

c. A dissenting opinion

d. A minority opinion

A majority opinion

Which of the following occurs if the president and Congress ignore a Supreme Court ruling?

a. They do not face any consequences

b. They face possible impeachment

c. The ruling is enacted through an override

d. They are censured

They do not face any consequences

Which ONE of the following court cases confirmed the idea of segregation?

a. Marbury v. Madison

b. Brown v. Board of Education

c. Scott v. Sanford

d. Plessy v. Ferguson

Plessy v. Ferguson

Which of the following resulted from the court’s ruling in Marbury v. Madison?

a. The power of the government was limited

b. The power of the president increased

c. The power of the judicial branch expanded

d. The Bill of Rights became part of the Constitution

The power of the judicial branch expanded