🎤 Voice Therapy Techniques — Key Q&A (Concise Edition)

🔹 Vocal Function Exercises (VFEs)

Q1. Who developed VFEs?

A. Joseph Stemple

Q2. What do VFEs improve?

A. Strength, endurance, and coordination of laryngeal muscles

Q3. How many steps and how often?

A. Four steps, twice daily

Q4. What systems are targeted?

A. Respiration, phonation, resonance

Q5. What disorders benefit from VFEs?

A. PD, presbylaryngis, MTD, paralysis, nodules, cysts, polyps

Q6. What is the warm-up task?

A. Sustain /i/ (“ee”) on a note as long as possible

Q7. What is the stretching task?

A. Glide low → high pitch on “knoll” or trill

Q8. What is the adductory power task?

A. Sustain C–D–E–F–G on “ol”

Q9. What is the goal of VFEs?

A. Balance subsystems and improve phonatory efficiency

Q10. What research supports VFEs?

A. Kaneko (2015), Houtz (2010), Duong Duy (2009)

🔹 Resonant Voice Therapy (RVT)

Q11. Who created RVT?

A. Kittie Verdolini

Q12. What defines RVT?

A. Forward oral resonance with easy phonation

Q13. What is the goal?

A. Strong voice with minimal laryngeal effort

Q14. Who benefits?

A. MTD, lesions, paralysis, hypo/hyperfunctional voices

Q15. What should the patient feel?

A. Vibrations in facial “mask” area

Q16. What is the basic gesture?

A. “Hmm–molm–molm–molm” with forward focus

Q17. What are the three stages?

A. 1) All voiced → 2) Voice–voiceless → 3) Phrases

Q18. Typical session length?

A. 30–45 min, 1–2x/week, 4–8 weeks

Q19. Why use abdominal breathing?

A. Supports airflow, reduces laryngeal strain

🔹 Lessac–Madsen Resonant Voice Therapy (LMRVT)

Q20. What’s the main focus?

A. Sensory awareness and self-monitoring via vibration feedback

Q21. How do sessions start?

A. Relaxed breathing, sustained “mmmmm” to find vibrations

Q22. How does it progress?

A. Hums → short phrases → conversation

Q23. Why adjust tongue/pitch?

A. To find most efficient resonance placement

Q24. What did Grillo & Verdolini (2008) show?

A. Resonant voice improves efficiency vs pressed/breathy

Q25. What feedback systems are used?

A. Sensory and auditory

🔹 Circumlaryngeal Massage / Manual Laryngeal Therapy

Q26. What is the goal?

A. Reduce tension and reposition larynx

Q27. Who proposed it?

A. Aronson; expanded by Nelson Roy

Q28. What disorder is it for?

A. Muscle Tension Dysphonia (MTD)

Q29. How can it aid diagnosis?

A. Improvement after massage = MTD; no change = SD 

Q30. Who benefits?

A. Adults/children with MTD, puberphonia, transgender clients

Q31. What are the two approaches?

A. LMT and MCT

Q32. What do both involve?

A. Manual kneading of extrinsic laryngeal muscles

Q33. How is it done?

A. Light circular pressure over thyrohyoid → deeper kneading

Q34. Supporting research?

A. Tomlinson & Archer (2015); D’haeseleer et al. (2013)

🔹 Clinical Integration & Test Focus

Q35. What do all these therapies have in common?

A. Improve efficiency, reduce tension, use feedback

Q36. Best for hypofunctional disorders like PD?

A. VFEs

Q37. Therapy with forward tone focus?

A. RVT

Q38. Therapy emphasizing vibration feedback?

A. LMRVT

Q39. Direct manual intervention?

A. Circumlaryngeal Massage

Q40. Which are indirect vs direct?

A. VFEs, RVT, LMRVT = indirect; Massage = direct