Pharm Central Nervous System Meds

Therapeutic use of DANTROLENE

- reverse malignant hyperthermia
- peripherally acting muscle relaxants

What is the difference between dantrolene and baclofen

- dantrolene > peripherally acting muscle relaxant
- baclofen > centrally acting muscle relaxant

What should be monitored for with the administration of muscle relxant

CNS effect

What is malignant hyperthermia?

a side effect of general anesthesia that cause a rise in temperature and rigid muscles

S/Sx of malignant hyperthermia

- muscle rigidity, fever (as high as 109)
- other s/sx: cardiac dysrhythmias, unstable b/p, electrolyte imbalance, and metabolic acidosis

Adverse effect of DANTROLENE

- hepatotoxicity
- muscle weakness

Labs for muscle relaxants

ast/alt

What does OXYBUTYNIN treat?

overactive bladder

Adverse effects of OXYBUTYNIN

- ANTICHOLINERGIC EFFECTS: can't see, can't pee, can't spit, can't poop
- hallucination, confusion, insomnia, prolonged QT, tachycardia

Effectiveness of OXYBUTYNIN

decreased urinary urgency, nocturia, urge incontinence

Who should not take OXYBUTYNIN

myasthenia gravis

pt edu for OXYBTYNIN

eat candy for dry mouth

Therapeutic use of SUCCINYLCHOLINE

- muscle paralysis > relaxes muscles during surgery or medical procedure

What needs to be assessed before giving SUCCINYLCHOLINE

potassium and hyperthermia

Priority action for SUCCINYLCHOLINE

sedate (benzo) before you paralyze

Adverse effects of SUCCINYLCHOLINE

- respiratory arrest
- malignant hyperthermia
- hyperkalemia
- hypotension

What is the antidote for SUCCINYLCHOLINE malignant hyperthermia?

dantrolene and stop med

Nursing action of SUCCINYLCHOLINE

- resuscitation / ventilation
- monitor cardiac and respiratory
- monitor labs
- monitor vital signs

Therapeutic use of BETHANECHOL

urinary retention

Adverse effects of BETHANECHOL

- urinary urgency/frequency
- extreme muscarinic stimulation: gastric acid secretion, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, sweating, tearing, bradycardia, and hypotension

Contraindications of BETHANECHOL

urinary obstruction, urinary bladder weakness, PUD, coronary insufficiency, and asthma

Nursing action for BETHANECHOL

- administer by oral route, 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals
- monitor i&o

Therapeutic use of BACLOFEN

- PREVENT MUSCLE SPAMS, spinal cord injury, MS, cerebral palsy
- works in brain to treat MUSCLE INJURIES
- muscle relaxant

Adverse effect of BACLOFEN

- monitor cns depression: sleepy, lightheaded, fatigue
- nausea, constipation, urinary retention
- monitor for hepatotoxicity

Pt edu for BACLOFEN

- do not stop abruptly
- avoid alcohol (this drug is a CNS depressant)