EDUC 203 – Authentic & Performance Assessment (Units 1-5)

A comprehensive set of 100 question-and-answer flashcards summarizing key definitions, principles, frameworks, and examples from Units 1-5 of EDUC 203: Assessment in Learning 2, designed to aid exam preparation and concept review.

What is the primary purpose of assessment in the teaching–learning process?

To collect and interpret information to determine whether instruction was effective and if students attained the intended learning outcomes.

According to Erwin (1991), what six actions make up the assessment process?

Defining, selecting, collecting, analyzing, interpreting, and using information to improve learning and development.

When is a diagnostic assessment typically administered, and what is its main goal?

Before or at the beginning of instruction, to identify students’ strengths, weaknesses, and prerequisite knowledge.

Which type of assessment is described as Assessment FOR Learning?

Formative assessment.

Which type of assessment is described as Assessment OF Learning?

Summative assessment.

How does traditional assessment primarily measure student learning?

By focusing on paper-and-pencil tests that assess memory of facts and concepts.

Define authentic assessment in one sentence.

An evaluation approach that requires students to apply knowledge and skills to real-world tasks or problems.

Grant Wiggins (1993) said authentic tasks should replicate or be analogous to what?

The kinds of problems faced by adult citizens, consumers, or professionals in the field.

Norm-referenced assessment compares a student’s performance to what?

The performance of other students (students vs. students).

Criterion-referenced assessment compares a student’s performance to what?

A predetermined standard or criterion (students vs. standards).

What is contextualized assessment?

Assessment of students’ ability to apply knowledge in real-world contexts using authentic, performance-based tasks.

Give one example of contextualized assessment.

Portfolios, interviews, work immersion evaluations, exhibitions, or demonstrations.

What characteristic distinguishes decontextualized assessment tasks?

They are abstract, detached from real-world contexts, and often involve artificial situations such as standardized tests.

List the three core qualities of a high-quality assessment.

Validity, reliability, and fairness.

What does it mean for an assessment to be valid?

It measures the intended learning outcomes and aligns with stated learning objectives.

How is reliability demonstrated in an assessment?

By producing consistent results when administered multiple times under similar conditions.

What ensures fairness in assessment?

Testing only what has been taught and providing equitable opportunities for all students.

Name two current trends in assessment that emphasize student engagement.

Using performance-based assessments and involving students in all aspects of assessment.

Why is making standards and criteria public beneficial?

It promotes transparency, fairness, and helps students understand expectations for success.

State one advantage of using computers in assessment.

They provide immediate feedback and can generate unique but equivalent question sets from large item banks.

Define authentic assessment in Grant Wiggins’ terms.

Evaluation of student knowledge and skills in real-world or practical contexts.

List four characteristic tasks of authentic assessment.

Response development, eliciting higher-order thinking, holistic project evaluation, and alignment with instruction.

What are the three related terms often associated with authentic assessment?

Performance assessment, alternative assessment, and direct assessment.

Give one reason teachers use authentic assessment.

To obtain direct evidence of students’ ability to apply learning to meaningful problems.

State one principle of authentic assessment.

Focus on what matters most in learning.

How does traditional assessment differ from authentic assessment regarding skills assessed?

Traditional focuses on recall and comprehension, whereas authentic targets higher-order thinking and real-world application.

Name the five dimensions in the Five-Dimensional Framework for Authentic Assessment.

Task, physical context, social context, assessment form, and criterion standard.

In the development process of authentic assessment, what is the first stage?

Identifying standards to be assessed.

What is performance assessment according to McMillan (2007)?

Teacher judgment of a student’s demonstration of skills or creation of a product/presentation.

Differentiate process-oriented and product-oriented performance assessments.

Process-oriented evaluates how a task is performed; product-oriented evaluates the quality of the final outcome.

Give one example of a process-oriented task.

Making a speech or demonstrating proper lab technique.

Give one example of a product-oriented task.

Creating a diorama of a terrestrial biome.

State one principle of performance assessment from Haynes (2005).

Use multiple assessments for each power standard and related indicators.

What does the acronym GRASPS stand for?

Goal, Role, Audience, Situation, Product, Standards.

Which GRASPS element specifies who will receive or evaluate the work?

Audience.

List three general characteristics of performance tasks.

Require application of knowledge, provide authentic contexts, and are generally open-ended.

What is differentiated assessment?

Adjusting assessments to match diverse student characteristics and needs.

Name the four components teachers can differentiate.

Content, process, products, and affect/learning environment.

What are the two main types of scoring rubrics?

Holistic rubrics and analytic rubrics.

Identify the three components of a scoring rubric.

Criteria, performance levels, and descriptors.

Which domain in Bloom’s Taxonomy addresses emotions, attitudes, and values?

The affective domain.

List the five hierarchical levels of the affective domain.

Receiving, responding, valuing, organization, and characterization.

Define self-efficacy.

A person’s belief in their capability to succeed at specific tasks.

Mention one source from which students develop self-efficacy.

Mastery experiences (successful performance).

How can anxiety affect student learning?

It can lower academic performance, engagement, and self-esteem.

What are the 4 C’s of 21st-century skills?

Critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, and communication.

What is the primary function of communication in assessment reporting?

To convey assessment information clearly and respectfully to students and parents.

Name two strategies for effective teacher–parent communication about assessment results.

Use family-friendly language and focus on both strengths and areas for improvement.

Define a learning portfolio.

A systematic, organized collection of a student’s work demonstrating effort, progress, and achievement over time.

What does the acronym ARAP represent in portfolio evidence?

Artifacts, Reproductions, Attestations, Productions.

Differentiate a showcase portfolio from a working portfolio.

Showcase highlights best work; working portfolio records ongoing classroom activities and growth.

What is an e-portfolio?

A student-owned digital collection of work and reflections for learning, assessment, or career purposes.

Give one best practice for implementing e-portfolios.

Provide clear examples and set explicit expectations for reflection.

State one function of grades besides measuring learning.

To report progress to parents or guardians.

What does a cumulative grading system reflect?

Both current performance and the cumulative results of past assessments.

Provide one guideline for successful parent-teacher conferences.

Begin with positive comments to build rapport.

In DepEd’s Student Report Card, what does AO stand for?

Always Observed.

Why is reflective practice important for teachers?

It promotes informed actions and continuous improvement of teaching strategies.

List two factors outside school that can influence student test scores.

Family background and out-of-school learning experiences.

Differentiate norm-referenced and criterion-referenced tests in purpose.

NRT compares students to peers; CRT measures performance against fixed learning standards.

What is a raw score?

The number of items a student answers correctly on a test.

Give one advantage of non-test assessments such as projects or portfolios.

They foster creativity and allow diverse demonstrations of learning.

What is the main goal of involving students as evaluators?

To promote accountability and provide honest feedback for instructional improvement.

Define peer evaluation of teaching.

Assessment of a teacher’s performance by colleagues of equal competence to provide constructive feedback.

Name one tool used in DepEd instructional supervision.

CB-PAST Formative Appraisal Tool.

What is a walkthrough in instructional supervision?

A brief, informal classroom visit aimed at observing patterns and providing non-evaluative feedback.

Identify one support-intervention strategy supervisors can offer teachers.

Action research collaboration to solve classroom issues.

Explain ‘assessment fairness’ in one clause.

Testing only the content that has been explicitly taught and is within the curriculum scope.

Which trend encourages the use of multiple methods to get a holistic view of student ability?

Using multiple assessment methods.

How does ‘high-performance standards’ benefit students?

They set challenging goals that encourage students to strive for excellence and approach world-class benchmarks.

What is the purpose of the ‘Product’ element in GRASPS?

To specify what students will create to demonstrate learning.

Describe a holistic rubric in one sentence.

It assigns a single overall score based on general performance descriptors.

What are artifacts in a portfolio?

Pieces of academic work produced in class, such as papers, quizzes, or exams.

What kind of learner benefits most from hands-on activities?

Physical or kinesthetic learners.

Give one tip for enhancing student motivation.

Align learning activities with students’ interests.

Which scoring rubric component lists the qualities being assessed?

Criteria.

Define ‘transversal competencies.’

Transferable soft skills or emotional intelligence valuable across various jobs.

What is meant by ‘constructing knowledge’ within authentic assessment?

Students build, integrate, and extend understanding by applying it to realistic challenges.

Why are immediate feedback and computerized tests valuable?

They help students quickly identify mistakes and improve learning in real time.

What does the ‘Situation’ element describe in the GRASPS model?

The context or setting in which the performance task occurs.

Name a performance task suited for assessing higher-order thinking in science.

Designing and conducting a laboratory experiment to test a hypothesis.

What is ‘social persuasion’ in developing self-efficacy?

Receiving encouragement or constructive feedback that strengthens belief in one’s abilities.

State one observable behavior indicating strong relationship skills.

Offering help to peers during group activities.

How can teachers ensure reliability in classroom assessments?

Use clear scoring rubrics and administer assessments under consistent conditions.

What is the key difference between mastery experiences and vicarious experiences for self-efficacy?

Mastery is personal success; vicarious comes from observing others succeed.

Give one reason to use analytic rubrics instead of holistic rubrics.

They provide detailed feedback on specific criteria, helping students see strengths and weaknesses.

What is the role of ‘standards’ in the grading system mnemonic GRADeS?

To show progress by reflecting academic achievement.

Why is transparency important when sharing assessment criteria with students?

It clarifies expectations, increases motivation, and promotes fairness.

Explain the term ‘assessment form’ in the five-dimensional framework.

The format by which performance is judged, including product quality, demonstration, multiple tasks, and presentation.

What does ‘peer-and self-evaluation’ encourage in students?

Critical reflection and responsibility for their own learning.

Describe ‘maintained situational interest.’

Sustained engagement supported by ongoing external activities like hands-on tasks or discussions.

What is the objective of a ‘celebration visit’ in instructional supervision?

To acknowledge and recognize effective teaching practices observed in the classroom.

In portfolio assessment, what does ‘attestation’ refer to?

External evaluations such as teacher or peer ratings confirming the quality of student work.

How can humor enhance classroom communication?

It boosts motivation, reduces stress, and fosters positive interaction.

What is a ‘checklist’ grading system?

A list of specific criteria used to systematically mark presence or absence of required elements in student work.

Which 21st-century skill is directly targeted by collaborative group projects?

Collaboration.

Define ‘percentage score.’

The proportion of correctly answered items converted into a percentage.

Why might teachers use both traditional tests and performance assessments together?

To provide concurrent validity and a more comprehensive view of student learning.

Give one example of an affective roadblock.

Low self-esteem hindering student participation.

What is the benefit of student-led parent-teacher conferences?

They foster student ownership of learning and communication skills.