Oral Communication in Context - Midterm Review

A comprehensive set of QA flashcards covering the key concepts from the Oral Communication in Context notes, including process models, verbal/non-verbal communication, 7Cs, DMIS, functions and barriers, contexts, and quick study tips.

What is the basic definition of communication?

The exchange of information between a sender and a receiver.

Who is the Sender in the communication process?

The person, group, or organization who creates and sends the message.

What is the Channel in the communication process?

The method or medium through which a message is sent.

Who is the Receiver in the communication process?

The one who decodes or interprets the message.

What is Feedback in communication?

The response of the receiver to the sender.

What is Noise in communication?

Anything that disrupts communication (e.g., loud sounds, unclear handwriting, poor internet).

What is the basic sequence of the Process Flow in communication?

Sender encodes → message sent through channel → receiver decodes → feedback (with possible noise).

What does the Shannon-Weaver model emphasize?

The channel as the carrier of the message and the presence of noise.

What is the focus of Aristotle’s Model?

The speaker, message, and audience; the content of the message.

What characterizes Schramm’s Model?

An interactive model with feedback and the field of experience.

What does Berlo’s SMCR stand for?

Source, Message, Channel, Receiver.

In Berlo’s SMCR, what does Source include?

Skills, attitudes, knowledge, social system, culture.

In Berlo’s SMCR, what does Message include?

Content, structure, and meaning.

In Berlo’s SMCR, what does Channel refer to?

The senses used (hearing, seeing, touching, smelling, tasting).

In Berlo’s SMCR, who is the Receiver?

The audience/recipient with their own field of experience.

What is Verbal Communication?

Spoken or written words (e.g., email, speech, text message).

What is Non-Verbal Communication?

Posture, gestures, facial expressions, tone, eye contact, body movement.

True or False: Non-verbal cues often reveal true emotions more accurately than words.

True.

Name two nervousness cues in non-verbal communication.

Fidgeting with hands; tapping feet.

Give a voice-delivery non-verbal strategy.

Use varied tone to convey emphasis.

Name a body-language non-verbal strategy for effective delivery.

Purposeful hand gestures (also include maintaining eye contact and good posture).

What are the 7 Cs of Effective Communication?

Completeness, Clarity, Courtesy, Conciseness, Concreteness, Consideration, Correctness.

What is Active Listening?

Ensures full understanding of the message.

What does DMIS stand for and how many stages are there?

Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity; 6 stages.

List all six stages of DMIS in order.

Denial, Defense, Minimization, Acceptance, Adaptation, Integration.

What is Denial in DMIS?

Ignoring cultural differences.

What is Defense in DMIS?

Rejecting or resisting other cultures.

What is Minimization in DMIS?

Believing cultural differences don’t matter.

What is Acceptance in DMIS?

Acknowledging differences as real and valid.

What is Adaptation in DMIS?

Adjusting behavior to communicate across cultures.

What is Integration in DMIS?

Blending different cultures into one’s identity.

What are the functions of communication?

Motivation, Social Interaction, Information, Control, Emotional Expression.

What are common barriers to communication?

Jargons, Emotional Barriers, Distractions/Inattention, Perception Differences, Physical Barriers.

What emotional barriers hinder communication?

Strong feelings (anger, sadness, anxiety) that hinder understanding.

What are Distractions/Inattention barriers?

Phones, side talks, multitasking.

What are Perception Differences barriers?

People interpret messages differently based on experiences or viewpoints.

What are Physical Barriers?

Distance, noise, poor signal, unclear visuals; overcome by using clear words and notes.

What are the Speech Contexts?

Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Group Communication, Public Communication.

What is Intrapersonal communication?

Talking to oneself (thinking, journaling, self-reflection).

What is Interpersonal communication?

One-on-one or small conversation (face-to-face, calls, chats).

What is Group Communication?

Small group discussions or meetings.

What is Public Communication?

One-to-many, limited feedback (speeches, assemblies).

What is Mass Communication?

Media channels such as TV, radio, newspapers, social media.

What is the quick study tip sequence for the communication process?

Process = Sender → Message → Channel → Receiver → Feedback (+ Noise anytime).