Untitled Flashcard Set

Articulation

Meeting place of two or more bones.

Range of Motion

Normal extent of mobility for a specific joint movement.

Degrees of Freedom

The number of axes at which movement in a joint occurs.

Stability vs. Mobility

The more mobile a joint, the more likely it is to get injured.

Fibrous Joint

Joints where bones are held together by dense connective tissue.

Cartilaginous Joint

Joints where bones are joined by cartilage.

Synovial Joint

Joints where bones are joined by ligaments with a fluid-filled cavity separating bone surfaces.

Synarthroses

Immobile joints that can be fibrous or cartilaginous.

Amphiarthroses

Slightly mobile joints that can be fibrous or cartilaginous.

Diarthroses

Freely mobile joints, all of which are synovial.

Suture

Incompletely-ossified membranous areas present in fetal and infant skulls.

Gomphosis

Articulation of teeth with their sockets in the mandible and maxilla.

Syndesmosis

Joints connected by an interosseous ligament allowing slight movement.

Synchondroses

Joints connected by hyaline cartilage.

Symphyses

Joints where fibrocartilage discs unite bones.

Hinge Joint

Joint allowing movement in one plane (flexion and extension).

Pivot Joint

Joint allowing rotation around a single axis.

Ball-and-Socket Joint

Joint allowing movement in multiple axes and planes.

Gliding Joint

Joint with flat or nearly flat surfaces allowing gliding motion.

Elevation

Movement upwards in a vertical direction.

Depression

Movement downwards in a vertical direction.

Protraction

Movement of a body part forward.

Retraction

Movement of a body part backward.

Flexion

Motion that decreases the angle between body parts.

Extension

Motion that increases the angle between body parts.

Abduction

Movement away from the body’s midline.

Adduction

Movement towards the body’s midline.

Circumduction

Circular movement that combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

Rotation

Movement around a longitudinal axis.

Dorsiflexion

Flexing the foot upwards.

Plantarflexion

Pointing the toes downwards.

Osteoarthritis

Chronic degenerative joint disease causing pain and stiffness.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autoimmune disease causing inflammation in joints.

Gout

Condition caused by the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints.

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)

Combined hinge/gliding joint between the mandible and temporal bone.

Nursemaid’s Elbow

Separation of the humeroradial joint, typically in children.

Baker’s Cyst

Fluid-filled swelling behind the knee.

Sjögren's Syndrome

Autoimmune disease affecting glands that produce moisture.