Stats Exam 2

measures of dispersion

identifies the individual differences of the scores in a sample; how scores are spread around the mean; extent individual scores deviate from one another

homogenous measure of dispersion

scores are similar

heterogeneous measure of dispersion

wide variation within the scores resulting in an increase of values for the measures of dispersion; range and standard deviation most common measurements

range

simplest measure of dispersion; lowest and highest scores obtained for a variable

Standard deviation

average number of points by which the scores of a distribution vary from the mean; visual measure of dispersion

sample characteristics

description of participants who comprise the study sample; ex: ethnicity, age, marital status; types of calculations/procedures depends on level of measurement of the demographic variables in the study

demographic variables

age, sex, income, employment, location, homeownership, level of education; most are nominal

clinical variables

selective physical, emotional, and cognitive variables collected and analyzed to describe specific clinical characteristics of study sample; can be dependent variable; ex: diagnoses, blood pressure, blood glucose levels

T-Test for independent samples

parametric and inferential (allows us to make assumptions about larger population based on sample); differences between two independent samples; depender variable must be continuous and normally distributed

t-test for paired samples (dependent samples)

parametric and inferential; compares two sets of data from one group of people; repeated assessment of the same group of people (more than one test)

one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)

parametric and inferential; compares data between two or more groups or condition to investigate the presence of differences between those groups; tests one independent variable and one dependent variable

repeated measures ANOVA

parametric; compares multiple sets of data from one group of people; assesses the same group of people over time or refers to naturally occurring pairs