Cgs exam review

What is the definition of hardware in computing?

The physical components of a computer system.

What is the main role of the CPU in a computer?

To perform calculations and process instructions.

What differentiates a desktop computer from a laptop?

Desktops are stationary and typically more powerful, while laptops are portable and have built-in components.

What is the difference between input and output devices?

Input devices send data to a computer, while output devices receive data from a computer.

Provide an example of an input device.

Keyboard or mouse.

Provide an example of an output device.

Monitor or printer.

What does RAM stand for and what is its purpose?

Random Access Memory; it's used to temporarily store data for quick access.

What is screen resolution?

The number of pixels displayed on a screen, affecting image clarity.

What does USB stand for and what is its use?

Universal Serial Bus; it's a common interface used to connect devices.

Define Virtual Reality.

An immersive, computer-generated environment that simulates physical presence in real or imagined worlds.

What is cloud storage?

A service that allows data to be stored on remote servers accessed via the internet.

What is the function of a hard drive?

To store data permanently in a computer.

What is an optical drive used for?

To read and write data on optical discs such as CDs, DVDs, or Blu-rays.

What does SSD stand for and how is it different from a hard drive?

Solid State Drive; it uses flash memory for faster data access compared to traditional hard drives.

What are the common storage units?

Bit, Byte, KB (Kilobyte), MB (Megabyte), GB (Gigabyte), TB (Terabyte).

What is an algorithm in programming?

A step-by-step procedure for solving a specific problem.

Name a common programming language.

Python.

What is the purpose of a compiler?

To translate source code written in a programming language into machine code.

Define copyright.

The legal right that grants the creator of original work exclusive rights to its use and distribution.

What is Creative Commons?

A licensing system that allows creators to share their works legally under specific terms.

What does debugging refer to in programming?

The process of identifying and fixing bugs or issues in code.

What does open source mean?

Software that is made available with its source code, allowing users to modify and distribute it.

What is an operating system? Provide examples.

Software that manages computer hardware and software resources; examples include Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS.

Define programming.

The process of creating instructions for a computer to execute.

What is the definition of software?

A collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work.

What is a software license?

An agreement that specifies how software can be used and distributed.

Define a smartphone.

A mobile phone with advanced features such as internet connectivity and applications.

What is tethering?

Sharing a mobile device's internet connection with other devices.

What are location-based services?

Services that use a device's location to provide relevant information and services.

What is the importance of lock screen security on mobile devices?

To protect personal data and prevent unauthorized access.

Define SMS.

Short Message Service; a text messaging service for sending brief messages.

What is cloud computing?

The delivery of computing services over the internet, including storage, processing, and software.

What are the benefits of cloud computing for businesses?

Scalability, cost efficiency, accessibility, and improved collaboration.

What defines the Internet of Things (IoT)?

A network of physical devices connected to the internet, allowing for data exchange.

Define bandwidth.

The maximum rate of data transfer across a network.

What does Bluetooth technology enable?

Wireless communication between devices over short distances.

What is broadband?

High-speed internet connection that provides fast data transfer.

Differentiate between client and server.

Client is an application or device that requests services, while server is a computer or program that provides services.

What is phishing?

A method of tricking individuals into providing sensitive information by pretending to be a legitimate entity.

What is meant by digital footprints?

The trail of data one leaves behind while using the internet.

Define malware.

Malicious software designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise a computer system.

What does MFA stand for?

Multi-factor Authentication; a security process that requires multiple forms of verification.

What is netiquette?

The code of acceptable behavior in online communication.

How does a router function in a network?

It directs data traffic between different networks and devices.

What are the components of an email?

To, From, CC, BCC, Subject, Body, and Attachment.

What is a VPN?

Virtual Private Network; provides a secure connection over the internet.

Define artificial intelligence (AI).

The simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems.

What is generative AI?

AI that can generate new content or data based on training it received.

Define data visualization.

The graphical representation of data to help understand trends and insights.